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Message for Ummah on 18th Day of Zil-Hajj 10 Hijri Sermon at Ghadeer by Holy Prophet (savww)during farewell Hajj”
OR “Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (savw) presented role Model for Muslim Ummah in Hujtul-Wida”.
Holy Prophet during his Farewell Hajj in month of Zil-Hajj 10 hijri(A.H) delivered sermons most important of them are one for huminty and whole universe and other specially for Muslim Ummah.As the Prophet(savww) is declared as Mercy for whole universe therefore Farewell Hajj Sermon also known as Khutabul-Wida is a complete charter of Human Rights. While other sermon on 18 Zil-Hajj 10 Hijri for Muslim Ummah at Ghadeer a place between Makkah & Madina. This Ghadeer Sermon is narrated nearly in all books of Ahadis and Muslims history including seha e sataha and accepted to all sects of islam.This Sermon is indeed guideline for Muslim Ummah to solve problems they faced in today’s world by following Holy Quran &Holy Prophet(savww).
In 10 A.H./632 A.D., immediately following Hijjatul-Wada' (the Farewell
Pilgrimage, the last pilgrimage performed by Prophet Muhammed(savw), a divine order
was revealed to the Prophet to convey the remaining Islamic tenets: the annual
pilgrimage to Mecca and the Imamate of the Twelve Infallible Imams. The Prophet called upon the faithful to accompany him on his last pilgrimage; he knew that it would be his last and that he would soon have to leave this temporary abode for the eternal one. More than one hundred and twenty thousand Muslims responded
to his call from all around Muslim Ummah at that time living worldwide.
The Prophet and his company put on the ihram garbs at the appropriate time at Masjid al-Shajara, a short distance from Mecca, his birthplace, which he entered on Thul-Hijja 5, 10 A.H./March 6, 632 A.D. The Prophet's call reached Yemen where' Ali ibn Abu Talib was acting as his representative. Twelve thousand Yemenite pilgrims came out headed by' Ali in response to the Prophet's call to accompany him on his historic Pilgrimage, bringing the total number of those early pilgrims to more than one hundred and thirty-two thousand.
The Islamic pilgrimage starts in the month of Zul-Hijja (month of the
pilgrimage), the last Islamic lunar calendar month, and continues for at leastten days. First, each pilgrim dons a special garb called ihram; males' ihram
consists of two white sheets or towels covering the upper and lower parts of the body, whereas females wear a full white cotton outfit, simple and modest. Thisihram reminds the pilgrim of his/her death and of the equality of all before
Allah. All pilgrims perform the same rituals; none receives any favourable
treatment or distinction on account of his status, power, or wealth.
As soon as the rituals of the pilgrimage were completed, and to be exact on
Thul-Hijja 17, 10 A.H./March 18, 632 A.D., the divine order came to the Prophet embedded in verse 67 of Chapter 5 (a1-Ma'ida) quoted in the text of the Prophet's sermon to follow. The Prophet immediately ordered Bilal ibn Rabah, his caller to prayers and one of his faithful sahaba, to convey the following order to the faithful: "Tomorrow, nobody should lag behind but should go to Ghadir
Khumm."
The word "ghadir" means "swamp," an area where rain water gathers to form a
shallow lake. Ghadir Khumm is located near the crossroads of trade and
pilgrimage caravans coming from Medina, Egypt, Iraq, Syria, and Nejd on their way to Mecca. The presence of water and a few old trees there served as a resting place for trade caravans for centuries. A mosque, called Masjid al-Ghadir, was later built on the same spot where the great gathering took place to
commemorate that momentous event.
The announcement conveyed by Bilal was transmitted by one person to another till it reached as far as Mecca proper, and people were wondering about what it could be. They had expected the Prophet to linger a little bit longer at Mecca where the pilgrims could meet him and ask him whatever questions they had about this
new institution called "hajj" and about other religious matters.
In the morning of the next day, Zhul-Hajj 18, 10 A.H./March 19, 632A.D., the
Prophet and his 120,000 companions went to Ghadir Khumm, and so did' Ali with his 12,000 Yemenite pilgrims who had to change their route to the north insteadof to the south where they would be home-bound. The Prophet also issued an order to four of his closest sahaba, namely Selman-al-Farisi, Abu Tharr al-Ghifari,
Miqdad ibn al-Aswad al-Kindi and' Ammar ibn yasir, with whom the reader is already familiar, to clear the area where the old trees stood, to uproot the
thorn bushes, collect the rocks and stones, and to clean the place and sprinkle it with water. Then these men took a piece of cloth which they tied between two of those trees, thus providing some shade. The Prophet told those sahaba that a ceremony that would last for three continuous days would be held in that area.
Then the same men piled the rocks on top of each other and made a makeshift
pulpit over them of camel litters as high as the Prophet's(savw) own length. They put another piece of cloth on the pulpit which was installed in the middle of thecrowd, giving the Prophet an overview of the whole gathering. A man was selected to repeat loudly what the Prophet was saying so that those who stood the furthermost would not miss a word.The athan for the noon prayers was recited, and the congregational (jama 'a)prayers were led by the Prophet. After that, the Prophet ascended the pulpit andsignaled to' Ali ibn Abu Talib to stand on his right. ' Ali did so, standing one pulpit step below the Prophet. Before saying anything, the Prophet looked right and left to make sure that people were prepared to listen to every word of his.
The sun was so hot that people had to pull some of their outer mantles over
their heads and under their feet in order to be able to somehow tolerate the
heat. Finally the Prophet delivered his historic sermon which he intended, as
the reader will see, to be not only for the assembled crowd but for all those
who were not present at that gathering and for all their offspring, one
generation after another, till the Day of Judgment.
Here is the text of the Prophet's(savw) sermon. It is hoped that it will bring the reader guidance in the life of this world and happiness and success in the life to come through the intercession of Muhammad(savw), the one loved most by Allah, peace and blessings of the Almighty be upon him, his progeny, and true companions who obeyed him during his lifetime and after his demise and who did not forget or pretend to forget his following khutba:
PROPHET'S HISTORIC GHADlR SERMON
There is a humble translation of the Prophet's historic Ghadir Khumm sermon. The reader can review the original Arabic text in books and even internet as well.Prophet first of all started with Detail of parsing Allah Almighty the creator of universe as
All Praise is due to Allah Who is Exalted in His Unity, Near in His Uniqueness,
Sublime in His Authority, Magnanimous in His Dominance. He knows everything;
There is no god but He(Allah), for He (Allah)has informed me that if I do not convey what He has just revealed to me in honor of' Ali in truth, I will not have conveyed His Message at all, and He, the Praised and the Exalted One, has guaranteed for me to protect me from the (evil) people, and He is Allah, the One Who suffices, the
Sublime. He has just revealed to me the following (verse):
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In The Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
O Messenger! Convey what has (just) been revealed to you (with regard to 'Ali),and if you do not do so, you will not have conveyed His Message at all, and
Allah shall Protect you from (evil) people; surely Allah will not guide the
Unbelieving people.(Qur'an, 5:67) O people! I have not committed any shortcoming in conveying what Allah Almighty revealed to me, and I am now going to explain to you the reason behind the revelation of this verse: Three times did Gabriel(a.s) command me on behalf of the Peace, my Lord, Who is the source of all peace, to thus make a stand in order to inform everyone, black and white, that: ' Ali ibn Abu Talib is my Brother, Wasi, and successor over my nation and the Imam after me, the one whose status to me
is like that of Aaron(a.s) to Moses(a.s) except there will be no prophet after me, and he is your master next only to Allah and to His Messenger, and Allah has already revealed to me the same in one of the fixed verses1 of His Book saying, "Your Master is Allah and His Messenger and those who believe, those who keep up prayers and pay zakat even as they bow down" (Qur'an, 5:55), and, Ali ibn Abu Talib the one who keeps up prayers, who pays zakat even as he bows down, seeking
to please Allah, the Sublime, the Almighty, on each and every occasion.
Then the Prophet recited the following verse:)
O Messenger! Convey what has (just) been revealed to you (with regard to 'Ali),and if you do not do so, you will not have conveyed His Message at all, and
Allah shall protect you from (evil) people. (Qur'an, 5:67)
O people! Comprehend (the implications of) what I have just said, and again do
comprehend it, and be (further) informed that Allah has installed him (' Ali) as
your Master and Imam, obligating the Muhajirun and the Ansar and those who
follow them in goodness to obey him, and so must everyone who lives in the
desert or in the city, who is a non-Arab or an Arab, who is a free man or a
slave, who is young or old, white or black, and so should everyone who believes in His Unity. His decree shall be carried out. His (' Ali's) word is binding; his command is obligating; cursed is whoever opposes him,blessed with mercy iswhoever follows him and believes in him, for Allah has already forgiven him andforgiven whoever listens to him and obeys him.
O people! This is the last stand I make in such a situation; so, listen and
obey, and submit to the Command of Allah, your Lord, for Allah, the Exalted andthe Sublime One, is your Master and Lord, then next to Him is His Messenger and Prophet who is now addressing you, then after me 'Ali is your Master and Imam according to the Command of Allah, your Lord, then the lmams from among my progeny, his offspring, till the Day you meet Allah and His Messenger.
Nothing is permissible except what is deemed so by Allah, His Messenger, andthey (the Imams), and nothing is prohibitive except what is deemed so by Allah and His Messenger and they (the Imams). Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime One, has made me acquainted with what is permissible and what is prohibitive, and I have conveyed to you what my Lord has taught me of His Book, of what it decrees as permissible or as prohibitive.
O people! Prefer him (' Ali) over all others! There is no knowledge except that Allah has divulged it to me, and all the knowledge I have learned I have
divulged to Imam al-Muttaqin (leader of the righteous), and there is no
knowledge (that I know) except that I divulged it to' Ali, and he is al-Imam al-Mubin(the evident Imam) whom Allah mentions in Surat ya-Sin: "... and everything We have computed is in (the knowledge of) an evident Imam" (Qur'an, 36:12).
O people! Do not abandon him, nor should you flee away from him, nor should you be too arrogant to accept his authority, for he is the one who guides to righteousness and who acts according to it. He defeats falsehood and prohibits others from acting according to it, accepting no blame from anyone while seeking to please Allah. He is the first to believe in Allah and in His Messenger; none preceded him as such. And he is the one who offered his life as a sacrifice for the Messenger of Allah and who was in the company of the Messenger of Allah while no other man was. He is the first of all people to offer prayers and the first to worship Allah with me. I ordered him, on behalf of Allah, to sleep in my bed, and he did, offering his life as a sacrifice for my sake.
O people! Prefer him (over all others), for Allah has preferred him, and accept
him, for Allah has appointed him (as your leader).
O people! He is an Imam appointed by Allah, and Allah shall never accept the
repentance of anyone who denies his authority, nor shall He forgive him; this is a must decree from Allah never to do so to anyone who opposes him, and that He shall torment him with a most painful torment for all time to come, for
eternity; so, beware lest you should oppose him and thus enter the fire the fuel of which is the people and the stones prepared for the unbelievers.
O people! By Allah! All past prophets and messengers conveyed the glad tiding of my advent, and I, by Allah, am the seal of the prophets and of the messengers and the argument against all beings in the heavens and on earth. Anyone who doubts this commits apostasy similar to that of the early jahiliyya, and anyone who doubts anything of what I have just said doubts everything which has been revealed to me, and anyone who doubts any of the Imams doubts all of them, and anyone who doubts us shall be lodged in the fire.
O people! Allah, the most Exalted and the Almighty, has bestowed this virtue
upon me out of His kindness towards' Ali and as a boon to' Ali and there is no
god but He(Allah); to Him all praise belongs in all times, for eternity, and in all circumstances.
O people! Prefer' Ali (over all others), for he is the very best of all people after me, be they males or females, so long as Allah sends down His sustenance,
so long as there are beings. Cursed and again cursed, condemned and again
condemned, is anyone who does not accept this statement of mine and who does not agree to it. Gabriel himself has informed me of the same on behalf of Allah Almighty Who he said (in Gabriel's words): " Anyone who antagonizes' Ali and
refuses to accept his wilayat shall incur My curse upon him and My wrath." "...
and let every soul consider what it has sent forth for the morrow, and be
careful of (your duty to) Allah" (Qur'an, 59:18), "And do not make your oaths a
means of deceit between you lest a foot should slip after its stability" (Qur'an,
16:94), " Allah is fully aware of all what you do" (Qur'an, 58: 13).
O people! He (' Ali) is janb-Allah mentioned in the Book of Allah, the Sublime One: The Almighty, forewarning his (' Ali's) adversaries, says, "Lest a soul should say: O woe unto me for what I fell short of my duty to Allah, and most surely I was of those who laughed to scorn" (Qur'an, 39:56).
O people! Study the Qur'an and comprehend its verses, look into its fixed verses and do not follow what is similar thereof, for by Allah, none shall explain to you what it forbids you from doing, nor clarify its exegesis, other than the one whose hand I am taking and whom I am lifting to me, the one whose arm I am taking and whom I am lifting, so that I may enable you to understand that:Whoever among you takes me as his master, this, Ali is his master, and he is'Ali ibn Abu Talib, my Brother and wasi, and his appointment as your wali is fromAllah, the Sublime, the Exalted One, a commandment which He revealed to me.
O people! ' Ali and the good ones from among my offspring from his loins are theLesser Weight, while the Qur'an is the Greater One: each one of them informs youof and agrees with the other. They shall never part till they meet me at the Pool (of Kawthar).
They are the Trustees of Allah over His creation, the rulers on His earth.Indeed
now I have performed my duty and conveyed the Message. Indeed you have heard
what I have said and explained. Indeed Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime,
has said, and so have Ion behalf of Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, thatthere is no Ameerul-Mo'mineen (Commander of the Faithful) save this Brother ofmine; no authority over a believer is permissible after me except to him.
Then the Prophet patted ' Ali's arm, lifting him up. Since the time when the
Messenger of Allah ascended the pulpit, Ameerul-Mo'mineen was one pulpit step
below where the Messenger of Allah had seated himself on his pulpit, while' Ali was on his (Prophet's) right side, one pulpit step lower, now they both appeared to the gathering to be on the same level; the Prophet lifted him up. The Prophet then raised his hands to the heavens in supplication while' Ali's leg wastouching the knee of the Messenger of Allah. The Prophet continued his sermon
thus:
O people! This is' Ali, my Brother, Wasi, the one who comprehends my knowledge, and my successor over my nation, over everyone who believes in me. He is the one entrusted with explaining the Book of Allah, the most Exalted One, the Sublime,
and the one who invites people to His path. He is the one who does whatever
pleases Him, fighting His enemies, befriending His friends who obey Him,
prohibiting disobedience to Him. He is the successor of the Messenger of Allah
and Ameerul- Mo'mineen, the man assigned by Allah to guide others, killer of the renegades and of those who believe in equals to Allah, those who violate the Commandments of Allah. Allah says, "My Word shall not be changed, nor am I in the least unjust to the servants" (Qur'an, 50.29), and by Your Command, O Lord, do I (submit and) say, O Allah! Befriend whoever befriends him (Ali) and be the enemy of whoever antagonizes him; support whoever supports him and abandon
whoever abandons him; curse whoever disavows him, and let Your Wrath descend on whoever usurps his right.
O Lord! You revealed a verse in honor of' Ali, Your wali, in its explanation and
to effect Your own appointment of him this very day did You say, "This day have
I perfected your religion for you, completed My favour on you, and chosen for you Islam as a religion"
(Qur'an, 5.3); "And whoever desires a religion other than Islam, it shall not be
accepted from him, and in the hereafter he shall be one of the losers" (Qur'an,
3:85).
Lord! I implore You to testify that I have conveyed (Your Message).
O people! Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, has perfected your religion
through his (' Ali's) Imamate; so, whoever rejects him as his Imam or rejects those of my offspring from his loins who assume the same status (as lmams) tillthe Day of Judgment when they shall all be displayed before Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, these are the ones whose (good) deeds shall be nil and void in the life of this world and in the hereafter, and in the fire shall they be lodged forever, " ...their torture shall not be decreased, nor shall they be
given a respite" (Qur'an,2:162).
O people! Here is' Ali, the one who has supported me more than anyone else among you, the one who most deserves my gratitude, the one who is closest of all of you to me and the one who is the very dearest to me. Both Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, and I are pleased with him, and no verse of the Holy Qur'an expressing Allah's Pleasure except that he is implied therein, nor has any verse of praise been revealed in the Qur'an except that he is implied therein, nor has the Lord testified to Paradise in the (Qur'anic) Chapter starting with "Has
there not come over man a long period of timewhen he was nothing (not even)
mentioned?" (Qur'an, 76:1) nor was this Chapter revealed except in his praise.
O people! He is the one who supports the religion of Allah, who argues on behalf of the Messenger of Allah. He is the pious, the pure, the guide, the one rightly guided. Your Prophet is the best of all prophets, and your wasi is the best of all wasis, and his offspring are the best of wasis .
O people! Each prophet's progeny is from his own loins whereas mine is from the loins of Arneerul-Mo'mineen ' Ali.
O people! Iblis caused Adam to be dismissed from the garden through envy; so, do not envy him lest your deeds should be voided and lest your feet should slip away, for Adam was sent down to earth after having committed only one sin, and he was among the elite of Allah's creation. How, then, will be your case, and you being who you are, and among you are enemies of Allah?
Indeed, none hates' Ali except a wretch, and none accepts ' Ali's wilayat except
a pious person. None believes in him except a sincere mu'min, and in honor of, Ali was the Chapter of 'Asr (Ch. 103) revealed, I swear to it by Allah: "In the
Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. I swear by time that most surely
man is in loss" (Qur'an, 103:1-2) except' Ali who believed and was pleased with
the truth and with perseverance.
O people! I have sought Allah to be my Witness and have conveyed my Message to you, and the Messenger is obligated only to clearly convey (his Message).
O people! " Fear Allah as Re ought to be feared, and do not die except as
Muslims" (Qur'an, 3:102).
O people! The noor from Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, flows through Me(savw) then through ‘Ali ibn Abu Talib then in the progeny that descends from him till al-Qa'imal-Mehdi,(Global saviour) who shall effect the justice of Allah, and who will take back any right belonging to us because Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, made us Hujjat(Authority) over those who take us lightly, the stubborn ones, those who act contrarily to our word, who are treacherous, who are sinners, who are oppressors, who are usurpers, from the entire world.
O people! I warn you that I am the Messenger of Allah; messengers before me have already passed away; so, should I die or should I be killed, are you going to turn upon your heels? And whoever turns upon his heels shall not harm Allah in the least, and Allah shall reward those who are grateful, those who persevere.
'Ali is surely the one described with perseverance and gratitude, then after him are my offspring from his loins.
O people! Do not think that you are doing me a favour by your accepting Islam.Nay! Do not think that you are doing Allah such a favour lest He should void your deeds, lest His wrath should descend upon you, lest He should try you with a flame of fire and brass; surely your Lord is ever-watchful.
O people! I am calling for it to be an Imamate and a succession confined to my offspring till the Day of Judgment, and I have conveyed only what I have been commanded (by my Lord) to convey to drive the argument home against everyone present or absent and on everyone who has witnessed or who has not, who is already born or he is yet to be born; therefore, let those present here convey it to those who are absent, and let the father convey it to his son, and so on till the Day of Judgment.
O people! Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, is not to let you be whatever you want to be except so that He may distinguish the bad ones from among you from the good, and Allah is not to make you acquainted with the unknown.
O people! There shall be no town that falsifies except that Allah shall annihilate it on account of its falsehood before the Day of Judgment, and He shall give al-lmam al-Mehdi (U authority over it, and surely Allah's promise is true.
O people! Most of the early generations before you have strayed, and by Allah,
He surely annihilated the early generations, and He shall annihilate the later ones. Allah Almighty has said, "Did We not destroy the former generations? Then did We follow them up with later ones. Even thus shall We deal with the guilty. Woe on that Day to the rejecters!" (Qur'an, 77: 16-19).
O people! Allah has ordered me to do and not to do, and I have ordered 'Ali to
do and not to do, so he learned what should be done and what should not;
therefore. you should listen to his orders so that you may be safe, and you
should obey him so that you may be rightly guided. Do not do what he forbids you from doing so that you may acquire wisdom. Agree with him, and do not let your paths be different from his.
O people! I am al-Sirat al-Mustaqeem (the Straight Path) of Allah whom He
commanded you to follow, and it is after me 'Ali then my offspring from his
loins, the Imams of Guidance: they guide to the truth and act accordingly.
Then the Prophet recited the entire text of Surat al-Fatiha and commented by
saying:
It is in my honor that this (Sura) was revealed, including them (the twelve Imams after me) specifically; they are the friends of Allah for whom there shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve; truly the Party of Allah are the winners.
Indeed, it is their enemies who are the impudent ones, the deviators, the
brethren of Satan; they inspire each other with embellished speech out of their haughtiness.
Indeed, their (Imams') friends are the ones whom Allah, the Exalted One, the
Great, mentions in His Book saying, "You shall not find a people who believe in Allah and in the latter Day befriending those who act in opposition to Allah and
to His Prophet, even though they may be their own fathers or sons or brothers or kinsfolk; these are they into whose hearts He has impressed conviction" (Qur'an, 58:22). Indeed, their (Imams') friends are the mu'mins (believers) whom Allah, the Exalted One, the Sublime, describes as: "Those who believe and do not mix up their faith with iniquity, those are the ones who shall have the security, and they are the rightly guided" (Qur'an, 6:82).
Indeed, their friends are those who believed and never doubted. Indeed, their friends are the ones who shall enter Paradise in peace and security; the angels shall receive them with welcome saying, "Peace be upon you! Enter it and reside in it forever!"
Indeed, their friends shall be rewarded with Paradise where they shall be
sustained without having to account for anything.
Indeed, their enemies are the ones who shall be hurled into the fire.
Indeed, their enemies are the ones who shall hear the exhalation of hell as it
increases in intensity, and they shall see it sigh. Indeed, their enemies are the ones thus described by Allah: "Whenever a nation enters, it shall curse its sister..." (Qur'an, 7:38).
Indeed, their enemies are the ones whom Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime,describes thus: "Whenever a group is cast into it, its keepers shall ask them:Did any warner not come to you? They shall say: Yea! Indeed, there came to us a warner but we rejected (him) and said: Allah has not revealed anything; you are only in a great error. And they shall say: Had we but listened or pondered, we would not have been among the inmates of the burning fire. So they shall acknowledge their sins, but far will be forgiveness) from the inmates of the burning fire" (Qur'an, 67:8-11).
Indeed, their friends are the ones who fear their Lord in the unseen;forgiveness shall be theirs and a great reward.O people! What a difference it is between the fire and the great reward! .
O people! Our enemy is the one whom Allah censures and curses, whereas our
friend is everyone praised and loved by Allah.O people! I am the Warner (nathir) and' Ali is the one who brings glad tidings (bashir).O people! I am the one who warns (munthir) while 'Ali is the guide (hadi).
O people! I am a Prophet (nabi) and' Ali is the successor (wasi).
O people! I am a Messenger (Rasool) and' Ali is the Imam and the Wasi after me,and so are the Imams after him from among his offspring. Indeed, I am their
father, and they shall descend from his loins.
Indeed, the seal of the Imams from among us is al-Qa'im al-Mehdi. He, indeed, isthe one who shall come out so that the creed may prevail. He, indeed, is the one who shall seek revenge against the oppressor. He, indeed, is the one who conquers the forts and demolishes them. He, indeed, is the one who subdues every tribe from among the people of polytheism and the one to guide it.
He is the one who shall seek redress for all friends of Allah. He is the one who
supports the religion of Allah. He ever derives (his knowledge) from a very deep ocean. He shall identify each man of distinction by his distinction and every
man of ignorance by his ignorance. He shall be the choicest of Allah's beings
and the chosen one. He is the heir of all (branches of) knowledge, the one who
encompasses every perception. He conveys on behalf of his Lord, the Exalted and the Sublime, who points out His miracles. He is the wise, the one endowed with wisdom, the one upon whom (Divine) authority is vested.
Glad tidings of him have been conveyed by past generations, yet he is the one
who shall remain as a Hujja(authority of Allah), and there shall be no Hujja after him nor any right except with him, nor any Noor except with him.
None, indeed, shall subdue him, nor shall he ever be vanquished. He is the
friend of Allah on His earth, the judge over His creatures, the custodian of
what is evident and what is hidden of His.
O people! I have explained (everything) for you and enabled you to comprehend
it, and this 'Ali shall after me explain everything to you.
At the conclusion of my khutba, I shall call upon you to shake hands with me to
swear your allegiance to him and to recognize his authority, then to shake hands with him after you have shaken hands with me.
I had, indeed, sworn allegiance to Allah, and ‘Ali had sworn allegiance to me,
and I on behalf of Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, I require you to
swear the oath of allegiance to him: "Surely those who swear (the oath of)
allegiance to you do but swear allegiance to Allah; the hand of Allah is above their hands; therefore, whoever reneges (from his oath), he reneges only to the injury of his own soul, and whoever fulfills what he has covenanted with Allah,He will grant him a mighty reward" (Qur'an,48:10).
O people! The pilgrimage (hajj) and the 'umra are among Allah's rituals; "So
whoever makes a pilgrimage to the House or pays a visit (to it), there is no
blame on him if he goes round them [Safa and Marwa] both" (Qur'an, 2:158).
O people! Perform your pilgrimage to the House, for no members of a family went there except that they became wealthy, and receive glad tidings! None failed to do so except that their lineage was cut-off and were impoverished.
O people! No believer stands at the standing place [at 'Arafa] except that Allah forgives his past sins till then; so, once his pilgrimage is over, he resumes
his deeds.
O people! Pilgrims are assisted, and their expenses shall be replenished, and
Allah never suffers the rewards of the doers of good to be lost.
O people! Perform your pilgrimage to the House by perfecting your religion and by delving into fiqh, and do not leave the sacred places except after having repented and abandoned (the doing of anything prohibited).
O people! Uphold prayers and pay the zakat as Allah, the Exalted One and the
Sublime, commanded you; so, if time lapses and you were short of doing so or you forgot, ' Ali is your wali and he will explain for you.
He is the one whom Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, appointed for you after
me as the custodian of Hiscreation. He is from me and I am from him, and he and those who will succeed him from my progeny shall inform you of anything you ask them about, and they shall clarify whatever you do not know.
Halal and haram things are more than I can count for you now or explain, for a
commandment to enjoin what is permissible and a prohibition from what is not permissible are both on the same level, so I was ordered (by my Lord) to take your oath of allegiance and to make a covenant with you to accept what I brought you from Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, with regards to' Ali Ameerul-Mo'mineen and to the wasis after him who are from me and from him, a standing Imamate whose seal is al-Mehdi till the Day he meets Allah Who decrees
and Who judges.
O people! I never refrained from informing you of everything permissible or prohibitive; so, do remember this and safeguard it and advise each other to do
likewise; do not alter it; do not substitute it with something else.
I am now repeating what I have already said: Uphold the prayers and pay the
zakat and enjoin righteousness and forbid abomination.
The peak of enjoining righteousness is to resort to my speech and to convey it
to whoever did not attend it and to order him on my behalf to accept it and to
(likewise) order him not to violate it, for it is an order from Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, and there is no knowledge of enjoining righteousness nor prohibiting abomination except that it is with a ma'soom Imam.
0 people! The Qur'an informs you that the Imams after him are his (' Ali's)
descendants, and I have already informed you that they are from me and from him,for Allah says in His Book, " And he made it a word to continue in his posterity so that they may return " (Qur'an, 43:28) while I have said: "You shall not stray as long as you uphold both of them (simultaneously)."
O people! (Uphold) piety, (uphold) piety, and be forewarned of the Hour as
Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, has said, "0 people! Guard (yourselves)
against (punishment from) your Lord; surely the violence of the Hour is a
grievous thing" (Qur'an, 22:1).
Remember death, resurrection, the judgment, the scales, and the account before the Lord of the Worlds, and (remember) the rewards and the penalty. So whoever does a good deed shall be rewarded for it, and whoever commits a sin shall have no place in the Gardens.
O people! You are more numerous than (it is practical) to shake hands with me
all at the same time, and Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, commanded me to require you to confirm what authority I have vested upon 'Ali Ameerul-Mo'mineen and to whoever succeeds him of the Imams from me and from him, since I have just informed you that my offspring are from his loins.
You, therefore, should say in one voice: "We hear, and we obey; we accept and we are bound by what you have conveyed to us from our Lord and yours with regard to our Imam' Ali (V' Ameerul-Mo'mineen, and to the Imams, your sons from his loins.
We swear the oath of allegiance to you in this regard with our hearts, with our
souls, with our tongues, with our hands. According to it shall we live, and
according to it shall we die, and according to it shall we be resurrected. We shall not alter anything or substitute anything with another, nor shall we doubt nor deny nor suspect, nor shall we violate our covenant nor abrogate the pledge.
You admonished us on behalf of Allah with regard to' Ali ( Ameerul-Mo'mineen,
and to the Imams whom you mentioned to be from your offspring from among his descendants after him: al-Hasan and al-Husain and to whoever is appointed (as such) by Allah after them. The covenant and the pledge are taken from us, from our hearts, from our souls, from our tongues, from our conscience, from our hands. Whoever does so by his handshake, it shall be so, or otherwise testified to it by his tongue, and we do not seek any substitute for it, nor shall Allah see our souls deviating there from. We shall convey the same on your behalf to anyone near and far of our offspring and families, and we implore Allah to testify to it, and surely Allah suffices as the Witness and you, too, shall testify for us."
O people! What are you going to say?! Allah knows every sound and the innermost of every soul; "Whoever chooses the right guidance, it is for his own soul that he is rightly guided, and whoever strays, it is only to its detriment that he goes astray" (Qur'an, 17:15).
O people! Swear the oath of allegiance to Allah, and swear it to me, and swear
it to' Ali Ameerul-Mo'mineen, and to al-Hasan and al-Husain and to the Imams
from their offspring in the life of this world and in the hereafter, a word that
shall always remain so. Allah shall annihilate anyone guilty of treachery and be merciful upon everyone who remains true to his word: "Whoever reneges (from his oath), he reneges only to the harm of his own soul, and whoever fulfills what he has covenanted with Allah, He will grant him a mighty reward" (Qur'an, 48:10).
O people! Repeat what I have just told you to, and greet' Ali with the title of
authority of "Ameerul-Mo'mineen" and say: "We hear, and we obey, O Lord! Your forgiveness (do we seek), and to You is the eventual course" (Qur'an, 2:285), and you should say: "All praise is due to Allah Who guided us to this, and we would not have found the way had it not been for Allah Who guided us" (Qur'an, 7:43).
O people! The merits of' Ali ibn Abu Talib with Allah, the Exalted and the
Sublime, the merits which are revealed in the Qur'an, are more numerous than I
can recount in one speech; so, whoever informs you of them and defines them for you, you should believe him.
O people! Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger and' Ali (U and the Imams to
whom I have already referred shall attain a great victory. O people! Those
foremost from among you who swear allegiance to him and who pledge to obey him and who greet him with the greeting of being the Commander of the Faithful are the ones who shall win the Gardens of Felicity.
O people! Say what brings you the Pleasure of Allah, for if you and all the
people of the earth disbelieve, it will not harm Allah in the least.
O Lord! Forgive the believers through what I have conveyed, and let Your Wrath descend upon those who renege, the apostates, and all Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds.
Oath of Allegiance
After his sermon, the Messenger of Allah [s] asked everybody to give the oath of allegiance to 'Ali [a] and congratulate him. Among those who did many including first one was Hazrat Umar b. al-Khattab (ra) who said:
"Well done Ibn Abi Talib! Today you became the Leader (mawla) of all believing men and women."
Allah ordered His Prophet [savw] to inform the people of this designation at a time of crowded populous so that all could become the narrators of the tradition, while they exceeded a hundred thousand.
Narrated by Zayd b. Arqam: Abu al-Tufayl said: "I heard it from the Messenger of Allah [s], and there was no one (there) except that he saw him with his eyes and heard him with his ears."
Revelation of Qur'anic Verse 70:1-3
Some Sunni commentators further report that the first three verses of the chapter of al-Ma'arij (70:1-3) were revealed when a dispute arose after the Prophet [s] reached Madinah. It is recorded that:
On the day of Ghadir the Messenger of Allah summoned the people toward 'Ali and said: "Ali is the mawla of whom I am mawla." The news spread quickly all over urban and rural areas. When Harith Ibn Nu'man al-Fahri (or Nadhr Ibn Harith according to another tradition) came to know of it, he rode his camel and came to Madinah and went to the Messenger of Allah [savw] and said to him: "You commanded us to testify that there is no deity but Allah and that you are the Messenger of Allah. We obeyed you. You ordered us to perform the prayers five times a day and we obeyed. You ordered us to observe fasts during the month of Ramadhan and we obeyed. Then you commanded us to offer pilgrimage to Makkah and we obeyed. But you are not satisfied with all this and you raised your cousin by your hand and imposed him upon us as our master by saying `Ali is the mawla of whom I am mawla.' Is this imposition from Allah or from you?"
The Prophet [savw] said : "By Allah who is the only deity! This is from Allah, the Mighty and the Glorious."
On hearing this Harith turned back and proceeded towards his she-camel saying: "O Allah! If what Muhammad(savw) said is correct then fling on us a stone from the sky and subject us to severe pain and torture." He had not reached his she-camel when Allah, who is above all defects, flung at him a stone which struck him on his head, penetrated his body and passed out through his lower body and left him dead. It was on this occasion that Allah, the exalted, caused to descend the following verses:
REFERENCES: KHUTBA OF AL-GHADEER
The following constitutes only major references of the components of Khutba of Ghadeer. In these references the reader can deliberate on the various portions of this historic sermon as quoted in bits and pieces in those references. Most of these references are considered reliable by the majority of Muslims (of the Sunni as well as shia persuation):
1. Jalaal ad-Deen al-Sayyuti, Kitaab Al-Itqaan, Vol. 1, p. 31.
2. al-Majlisi, Bihaar.al-Anwaar, Vol. 21, pp. 360-90, Vol. 37, pp. 111-235, and
Vol. 41, p. 228.He Quotes book al-Ih'tijaj by al-Tibrisi (vol.2)
3. Al-Bldaaya wal Nihaaya, Vol. 5, p. 208.
4. Badee' al-Ma'aani, p. 75
5. Tareekh Baghdad, V01. 1, p. 411 and V01. 8, p. 290.
6. Tareekh Dimashq, Vol. 5, p. 210.
7. Ibn al-Jawziyya, Tadh'kirat al-Khawaas, pp. 18-20.
8. Ibn al-Sa'ud's Tafseer, Vol. 8, p. 292.
9. Al-Tibari, Tafseer al-Qur'an, Vol. 3, p. 428 and Vol. 6, p. 46.
10. al-Fakhr al-Razi, Al-Tafseer al-Kabeer, Vol. 3, p. 636.
11. Al-Tamhid fi USool al-Deen, p. 171.
12. Tayseer al-Wusul, Vol. 1, p. 122.
13. Ghiyaath ad-Din ibn Hammaam, Tareekh Habib al-Siyar, V01. 1, p. 144.
14. al-Maqrizi, Khutat, p. 223.
15. al-Sayyuti, Al-Durr al-Manthur, Vol. 2, pp. 259, 298.
16. Thakhaa'ir al-'Uqba, p. 68.
17. Ruh al-Ma'aani, Vol. 2, p. 348.
18. Mohibb al-Tabal-;, AI.Riyadh al-r:adhirah, Vol. 2, p.169.
19. Al-Siraaj al-Munir, Vol. 4, p. 364.
20. al-Hakim, Al-Seera al-Halabiyya, Vol. 3, p. 302.
21. Shar'h al-Mawaahib, V01. 7, p. 13.
22. Ibn Hajar al-' Asqalaani, Al-Sawaa'iq al-Muhriqa, p. 26.
23. Ibn al-Badriq, Al-'Umda, p. 52.
24. Badr ad-Deen, 'Umdat al-Qari fi Shar'h al-Bukhari, V01. 8, p. 584.
25. al-Ghadeer, V01. 2, p. 57.
26. Sharafud-Deen al-Musawi, AI-Fusul al-Muhimma, pp. 25-27.
27. Fadha 'il al-Sahaaba, p. 272.
28. Faydh al-Ghadeer, V01. 6, p. 218.
29. Kashf al-Ghumma, p. 94.
30. Kifaayat al- Taalib, pp. 17, 28.
31. al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, Kanz al-'Ummaal, Vol. 6, p. 397.
32. Imam Ibn Hanbal, Mus'nad, V01. 4, p. 281.
33. Mishkaat al-Masabeeh, p. 272.
34. Mushkil al-aathaar, Vol. 3, p. 196.
35. Mataalib al-Su'ul, p. 16.
36. Muftah al-Najaat, p. 216.
37. al-Shahristaani, AI-Milal wal Nihal, V 01. 1, p. 220.
38. al-Khawarizmi, Manaaqib, pp. 80, 94.
39. Ibn al-Maghaazli, Manaaqib, p. 232.
40. al-Qastalani, Al-Mawaahib, Vol. 2, p. 13.
41. al-Samhudi, Wafaa' al-Wafaa', Vol. 2, p. 173.
42. al-Qanduzi, Yanabi al-Mawadda, p. 120.
Written Comiled & Contributed By.:- S H Bangash .
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ÛÏیÑ Îã ˜Ç ãäÙÑ :
۱۰ ªÌÑی ˜ÿ ÂÎÑی ãÇÀ (Ðی ÇáÍÌÀ) ãیŸ ÍÌÉ ÇáæÏÇÚ ˜ÿ ãÑÇÓã ÊãÇã ÀæÆÿ ÇæÑ ãÓáãÇäæŸ äÿ ÑÓæá ǘÑã Óÿ ÍÌ ˜ÿ ÇÚãÇá Óی˜ªÿ۔ ÍÌ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ ÑÓæá ǘÑã äÿ ãÏیäÀ ÌÇäÿ ˜ی ÛÑÖ Óÿ ã˜À ˜æªæšäÿ ˜Ç ÇÚáÇä ˜ÑÊÿ ÀæÆÿ ¡ÞÇÝáÀ ˜æ˜æ ˜Ç ͘ã ÏیÇ ۔ÌÈ یÀ ÞÇÝáÀ ÌÍÝÀ( ۱) Óÿ Êیä ãیá ˜ÿ ÝÇÕáÿ Ñ ÑÇÈÛ [2] äÇãی ÓÑÒãیä Ñ ÀæäÇ Êæ ÛÏیÑ Îã ˜ÿ äÞØÀ Ñ ÌÈÑÆیá Çãیä æÍی áÿ ˜Ñ äÇÒá ÀæÆÿ ÇæÑ ÑÓæá ǘÑã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜æ ÇÓ ÂیÊ ˜ÿ ÐÑیÚÀ ÎØÇÈ ˜یÇ [3]
Çÿ ÑÓæá! ÇÓ یÛÇã ˜æ ÀæäÇ ÏیÌÆÿ Ìæ  ˜ÿ ÑæÑÏÇÑ ˜ی ØÑÝ Óÿ Â Ñ äÇÒá Àæ ˜Ç Àÿ ÇæÑ ÇÑ Â äÿ ÇیÓÇ äÀ ˜یÇ ÊææیÇ ÑÓÇáÊ ˜Ç ˜æÆی ˜Çã ÇäÌÇã äÀیŸ ÏیǺ ÇááÀ  ˜æ áææŸ ˜ÿ ÔÑÓÿ ãÍÝæ٠јªÿ Ç۔ ÂیÊ ˜ÿ ÇäÏÇÒÓÿ ãÚáæã ÀæÊÇ Àÿ ˜À ÇááÀ äÿ ˜æÆ ÇیÓÇ ÚÙیã ˜Çã ÑÓæá ǘÑã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ÓÑÏ ˜یÇ Àÿ ¡Ìæ æÑی ÑÓÇáÊ ˜ÿ ÇÈáÇÛ ˜ÿ ÈÑÇÈÑ Àÿ ÇæÑ ÏÔãäæŸ ˜ی ãÇیæÓی ˜Ç ÓÈÈ Èªی Àÿ ۔ÇÓ Óÿ Èšª ˜Ñ ÚÙیã ˜Çã ÇæÑ ˜یÇ ÀæÓ˜ÊÇ Àÿ ˜À Çی˜ áǘª Óÿ ÒیÇÏÀ ÇÝÑÇÏ ˜ÿ ÓÇãäÿ ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜æ æáÇیÊ æ ÌÇäÔیäی ˜ÿ ãäÕÈ Ñ ãÚیä ˜ÑیŸ¿ áÀٰÐÇ ÞÇÝáÀ ˜æ јäÿ ˜Ç ͘ã ÏیÇ یÇ ¡Ìæáæ Âÿ ä˜á Æÿ ʪÿ æÀ یªÿ ˜ی ØÑÝ áŠÿ ÇæÑ Ìæ یªÿ ÑÀ Æÿ ʪÿ æÀ Â˜Ñ ÞÇÝáÀ Óÿ ãá Æÿ ۔ ÙÀÑ ˜Ç æÞÊ ÊªÇ ÇæÑÑãی Çäÿ ÔÈÇÈ Ñʪیº ÍÇáÊ یÀ ʪی ˜À ˜ª áæ Çäی ÚÈÇ ˜Ç Çی˜ ÍÕÀ ÓÑ Ñ ÇæÑ ÏæÓÑÇ ÍÕÀ یÑæŸ ˜ÿ äیÿ ÏÈÇÆÿ ÀæÆÿ ʪÿ۔ یÛãÈÑ ˜ÿ áÆÿ Çی˜ ÏÑÎÊ Ñ ÇÏÑ Çá ˜Ñ ÓÇÆÈÇä ÊیÇÑ ˜یÇ یÇ ÇæÑ Â (Õ) äÿ ÇæäŠæŸ ˜ÿ ˜ÌÇæŸ Óÿ Èäÿ ÀæÆÿ ãäÈÑ ˜ی ÈáäÏی Ñ ˜ªšÿ Àæ ˜Ñ¡ ÈáäÏ æ ÑÓÇ ÂæÇÒ ãیŸ Çی˜ ÎØÈÀ ÇÑÔÇÏ ÝÑãÇیÇ ÌÓ ˜Ç ÎáÇÕÀ یÀ Àÿ۔ ÛÏیÑ Îã ãیŸ یÛãÈÑ ˜Ç(Õ) ÎØÈÀ : ÍãÏ æËäÇÁ ÇááÀ ˜ی ÐÇÊ Óÿ ãÎÕæÕ Àÿ ۔Àã ÇÓی Ñ ÇیãÇä јªÊÿ ÀیŸ ¡ ÇÓی Ñ Êæ˜á ˜ÑÊÿ ÀیŸ ÇæÑ ÇÓی Óÿ ãÏÏ ÇÀÊÿ ÀیŸ ۔Àã ÈÑÇÆی ÇæÑ ÈÑÿ ˜ÇãæŸ Óÿ Èäÿ ˜ÿ áÆÿ ÇÓ Ç ááÀ ˜ی äÇÀ ÇÀÊÿ ÀیŸ ¡ ÌÓ ˜ÿ ÚáÇæÀ ˜æÆی ÏæÓÑÇ ÀÇÏی æ ÑÇÀäãÇ äÀیŸ Àÿ۔ ÇæÑ ÌÓ äÿ Ȫی ãÑÇÀی ˜ی ØÑÝ ÑÇÀäãÇÆ ˜ی æÀ ÇÓ ˜ÿ áÆÿ äÀیŸ ʪی ۔ãیŸ æÇÀی ÏیÊÇ ÀæŸ ˜À ÇááÀ ˜ÿ ÚáÇæÀ ˜æÆی ãÚÈæÏ äÀیŸ Àÿ ¡ÇæÑ ãÍãÏ ÇÓ ˜Ç ÈäÏÀ ÇæÑ ÑÓæá Àÿ۔ ÀÇŸ Çÿ áææ!æÀ æÞÊ ÞÑیÈ Àÿ¡ ÌÈ ãیŸ ÏÚæÊ ÍÞ Ñ áÈی˜ ˜ÀÊÇ ÀæÇ ÊãªÇÑÿ ÏÑãیÇä Óÿ áÇ ÌÇÄŸ Ç !Êã Ȫی ÌæÇÈ ÏÀ Àæ ÇæÑ ãیŸ Ȫی ÌæÇÈ ÏÀ ÀæŸ ۔ ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ Â (Õ) äÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ ˜À ãیÑÿ ÈÇÑÿ ãیŸ ÊãªÇÑÇ ˜یÇ ÎیÇá Àÿ ¿˜یÇ ãیŸ(Õ) äÿ ÊãªÇÑÿ ÈÇÑÿ ãیŸ Çäی ÐãÀ ÏÇÑی ˜æ æÑǘÑÏیÇ Àÿ ¿یÀ Óä ˜Ñ æÑÿ ãÌãÚ äÿ ÑÓæá ǘÑã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ی ÎÏãÇÊ ˜ی ÊÕÏیÞ ˜ÑÊÿ ÀæÆÿ ˜ÀÇ : Àã æÇÀی ÏیÊÿ ÀیŸ ˜À  äÿ ÈÀÊ ÒÍãÊیŸ ÇŠªÇÆیŸ ÇæÑÇäی ÐãÀ ÏÇÑیæŸ ˜æ æÑǘیÇ ºÇááÀ  ˜æ ÇÓ ˜Ç ÈÀÊÑیä ÇÌÑ Ïÿ ۔ یÛãÈÑ Ç˜Ñã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ:” ˜یÇ Êã æÇÀی ÏیÊÿ Àæ ˜À ÇÓ æÑی ÏäیÇ ˜ÇãÚÈæÏ Çی˜ Àÿ ÇæÑ ãÍãÏ (Õ) ÇÓ ˜Ç ÈäÏÀ ÇæÑ ÑÓæá(Õ) Àÿ¿ÇæÑ ÌäÊ æ ÌÀäã æÂÎÑÊ ˜ی ÌÇæیÏÇäی ÒäÏی ãیŸ ˜æÆی Ô˜ äÀیŸ Àÿ¿ ÓÈ äÿ ˜ÀÇ ˜À ÕÍیÍ Àÿ Àã æÇÀی ÏیÊÿ ÀیŸ ۔ ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ ÑÓæá ǘÑã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ:” Çÿ áææ!ãیŸ ÊãªÇÑÿ ÏÑãیÇä Ïæ ÇÀã یÒیŸ ªæš ÿ ÌÇ ÑÀÇ ÀæŸ ¡ãیŸ Ïی˜ªæŸ Ç ˜À Êã ãیÑÿ ÈÚÏ¡ ãیÑی Çä ÏæäæŸ یÇÏÇÑæŸ ˜ÿ ÓÇʪ ˜یÇ Óáæ˜ ˜ÑÊÿ Àæ¿ ÇÓ æÞÊ Çی˜ ÔÎÕ ˜ªšÇ ÀæÇ ÇæÑ ÈáäÏ ÂæÇÒ ãیŸ ÓæÇá ˜یÇ ˜À Çä Ïæ ÇÀã یÒæŸ Óÿ  ˜ی ˜یÇ ãÑÇÏ Àÿ¿ یÛãÈÑ Ç˜Ñã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ : Çی˜ ÇááÀ ˜ی ˜ÊÇÈ Àÿ ÌÓ ˜Ç Çی˜ ÓÑÇ ÇááÀ ˜ی ÞÏÑÊ ãیŸ Àÿ ÇæÑ ÏæÓÑÇ ÊãªÇÑÿ ÀÇ滾٠ãیŸ Àÿ ÇæÑ ÏæÓÑÿ ãیÑی ÚÊÑÊ ÇæÑ ÇÀáÈیÊ ÚáیÀ ÓáÇã ÀیŸ¡ÇááÀ äÿ ã̪ÿ ÎÈÑ Ïی Àÿ ˜À یÀ ÀÑÒ Çی˜ ÏæÓÑÿ ÌÏÇ äÀ ÀæŸ ÿ ۔ ÀÇŸ Çÿ áææŸ! ÞÑÂä ÇæÑ ãیÑی ÚÊÑÊ Ñ ÓÈÞÊ äÀ ˜ÑäÇ ÇæÑ Çä ÏæäæŸ ˜ÿ ͘㠘ی ÊÚãیá ãیŸ Ȫی ˜æÊÇÀی äǘÑäÇ ¡æÑäÀ Àáǘ Àæ ÌÇÄ ÿ ۔ ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜Ç ÀÇʪ ˜š ˜Ñ ÇÊäÇ ÇæäÇ ÇŠªÇیÇ ˜À ÏæäæŸ ˜ی ÈÛáæŸ ˜ی ÓÝیÏی¡ ÓÈ ˜æ äÙÑ Âäÿ áی ªÑ Úáی (Ú) Óÿ ÓÈ áææŸ Óÿ ãÊÚÑÝ ˜ÑÇیÇ ۔ ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ ÝÑãÇیÇ: ” ˜æä Àÿ Ìæãæãäیä Ñ Çä ˜ÿ äÝæÓ Óÿ ÒیÇÏÀ ÍÞ ÊÕÑÝ Ñ ˜ªÊÇ Àÿ ¿ “ ÓÈ äÿ ˜ÀÇ: ÇááÀ ÇæÑ ÇÓ ˜Ç ÑÓæá(Õ) ÒیÇÏÀ ÌÇäÊÿ ÀیŸ۔ یÛãÈÑ Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ :”ÇááÀ ãیÑÇ ãæáیٰ Àÿ ÇæÑ ãیŸ ãæãäیä ˜Ç ãæáÇ ÀæŸ ÇæÑ ãیŸ Çä ˜ÿ äÝÓæŸ Ñ Çä Óÿ ÒیÇÏÀ ÍÞ ÊÕÑÝ Ñ˜ªÊÇ ÀæŸ۔ “ ÀÇŸ Çÿ áææ!” ãä ˜äÊ ãæáÇÀ ÝÀٰÐÇ Úáی ãæáÇÀ ÇááÀã æÇá ãä æÇáÇÀ¡æÚÇÏ ãä ÚÇÏÇÀ æÇÍÈ ãä ÇÍÈÀ æÇÈÛÖ ãä ÇÈÛÖÀ æÇäÕÑ ãä äÕÑÀ æÎÐá ãä ÎÐáÀ æÇÏÑ Ç áÍÞ ãÚÀ ۔۔۔۔۔ “ ÌÓ ÌÓ ˜Ç ãیŸ ãæáیٰ ÀæŸ ÇÓ ÇÓ ˜ÿ یÀ Úáی ãæáÇ ÀیŸ ¡ [4] Çÿ ÇááÀ Êæ ÇÓ˜æ ÏæÓÊ Ñ˜ª Ìæ Úáی ˜æ ÏæÓÊ Ñ˜ªÿ ÇæÑÇÓ ˜æÏÔãä јª Ìæ Úáی ˜æ ÏÔãä јªÿ ¡ÇÓ Óÿ ãÍÈÊ ˜Ñ Ìæ Úáی Óÿ ãÍÈÊ ˜Ñÿ ÇæÑ ÇÓ Ñ ÛÖÈäǘ Àæ Ìæ Úáی Ñ ÛÖÈäǘ Àæ ¡ÇÓ ˜ی ãÏÏ ˜ÑÌæ Úáی ˜ی ãÏÏ ˜Ñÿ ÇæÑ ÇÓ ˜æ ÑÓæÇ ˜Ñ Ìæ Úáی ˜æ ÑÓæÇ ˜Ñ ÿ ÇæÑ ÍÞ ˜æ Ç컄 ãæš Ïÿ Ì컄 Úáی ãšیŸ [5] ÎØÈÀ [6]
ÍÏیË ÛÏیÑ ˜ی ÌÇæÏÇäی :
ÇááÀ ˜Ç ͘یãÇäÀ ÇÑÏÀ Àÿ ˜À ÛÏیÑ ˜Ç ÊÇÑیÎی æÇÞÚÀ Çی˜ ÒäÏÀ ÍÞیÞÊ ˜ی ÕæÑÊ ãیŸ ÀÑ ÒãÇäÀ ãیŸ ÈÇÞی ÑÀÿ ÇæÑáææŸ ˜ÿ Ïá ÇÓ ˜ی ØÑÝ ÌÐÈ ÀæÊÿ ÑÀیŸ۔ÇÓáÇãی Þáã˜ÇÑ ÀÑ ÒãÇäÿ ãیŸ ÊÝÓیÑ ¡ÍÏیË¡˜áÇã ÇæÑ ÊÇÑیÎ ˜ی ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ãیŸ ÇÓ˜ÿ ÈÇÑÿ ãیŸ ᘪÊÿ ÑÀیŸ ÇæÑ ãÐÀÈی ÎØیÈ¡ ÇÓ ˜æ æÇÚÙ æ äÕیÍÊ ˜ی ãÌÇáÓ ãیŸ ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ÿ äÇÞÇÈá Çä˜ÇÑ ÝÖÇÆá ˜ی ÕæÑÊ ãیŸ ÈیÇä ˜Ñ Êÿ ÑÀیŸ۔ ÇæÑ ÝÞØ ÎØیÈ Àی äÀیŸ Èá˜À ÔÚÑÇÁ ÍÖÑÇÊ Èªی Çäÿ ÇÏÈی ÐæÞ ¡ÊÎیá ÇæÑ ÇÎáÇÕ ˜ÿ ÐÑیÚÀ ÇÓ æÇÞÚÀ ˜ی ÚÙãÊ ˜æ ÇÑ ÇäÏ áÇÆیŸ ÇæÑ ãÎÊáÝ ÒÈÇäæŸ ãیŸ ãÎÊáÝ ÇäÏÇÒ Óÿ ÈÀÊÑیä ÇÔÚÇÑ ˜ÀÀ ˜Ñ Çäی یÇÏÇÑ ªæšیŸ (ãÑÍæã ÚáÇãÀ Çãیäی äÿ ãÎÊáÝ ÕÏیæŸ ãیŸ ÛÏیÑ ˜ÿ ÓáÓáÀ ãیŸ ˜Àÿ Æÿ ÇÀã ÇÔÚÇÑ ˜æ ÔÇÚÑ ˜ی ÒäÏی ˜ÿ ÍÇáÇÊ ˜ÿ ÓÇʪ ãÚÑæÝÊÑیä ÇÓáÇãی ãäÇÈÚ Óÿ äÞá ˜Ñ˜ÿ Çäی ˜ÊÇÈ ÇáÛÏیÑ ãیŸ Ìæ ˜À یÇÑÀ ÌáÏæŸ Ñ ãÔÊãá Àÿ ¡ÈیÇä ˜یÇ Àÿ ۔) ÏæÓÑÿ ÇáÝÇÙ ãیŸ یÀ ˜ÀÇ ÌÇÓ˜ÊÇ Àÿ ˜À ÏäیÇ ãیŸ ÈÀÊ ˜ã ÇیÓÿ ÊÇÑیÎی æÇÞÚÇÊ ÀیŸ Ìæ ÛÏیÑ ˜ی ØÑÍ ãÍÏË柡 ãÝÓÑ柡 ãʘáã柡 ÝáÓÝی柡 ÎØیÈ柡 ÔÇÚÑ柡 ãÄÑÎæŸ ÇæÑ ÓیÑÊ äÇÑæŸ ˜ی ÊæÌÀ ˜Ç ãÑ˜Ò Èäÿ ÀæŸ ۔ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜ÿ ÌÇæÏÇäی Àæäÿ ˜ی Çی˜ ÚáÊ یÀ Àÿ ˜À ÇÓ æÇÞÚÀ Óÿ ãÊÚáÞ Ïæ ÂیÊیŸ ÞÑÂä ˜Ñیã ãیŸ ãæÌæÏ ÀیŸ [7] áÀٰÐÇ ÌÈ Ê˜ ÞÑÂä ÈÇÞی ÑÀÿ Ç یÀ ÊÇÑیÎی æÇÞÚÀ Ȫی ÒäÏÀ ÑÀÿ Ç ۔ ÏáÓ ÈÇÊ یÀ Àÿ ˜À ÊÇÑیÎ ˜ÿ ãØÇáÚÀ Óÿ ãÚáæã ÀæÊÇ Àÿ ˜À ÇŠªÇÑæیŸ Ðی ÇáÍÌÉ ÇáÍÑÇã ãÓáãÇäæŸ ˜ÿ ÏÑãیÇä ÑæÒ ÚیÏ ÛÏیÑ ˜ÿ äÇã Óÿ ãÔÀæÑ Êªی یÀÇŸ ʘ ˜À ÇÈä Îá˜Çä¡ ÇáãÓÊÚáی Èä ÇáãÓÊäÕјÿ ÈÇÑÿ ãیŸ ᘪÊÇ Àÿ ˜À ۴۸۷ ƪ ãیŸ ÚیÏ ÛÏیÑ Îã ˜ÿ Ïä Ìæ ˜À ÇŠªÇÑÀ Ðی ÇáÍÌÉ ÇáÍÑÇã Àÿ ¡áææŸ äÿ ÇÓ ˜ی ÈیÚÊ ˜ی [8] ÇæÑ ÇáãÓÊäÕÑ ÈÇááÀ ˜ÿ ÈÇÑÿ ãیŸ ᘪÊÇ Àÿ ˜À ۴۸۷ ƪ ãیŸ ÌÈ Ðی ÇáÍÌÀ ãÇÀ ˜ی ÂÎÑی ÈÇÑÀ ÑÇÊیŸ ÈÇÞی ÑÀ ÆیŸ Êæ æÀ ÇÓ ÏäیÇ Óÿ یÇ ÇæÑ ÌÓ ÑÇÊ ãیŸ æÀ ÏäیÇ Óÿ یÇ ãÇÀ Ðی ÇáÍÌÀ ˜ی ÇŠªÇÑæیŸ ÔÈ Êªی Ìæ ˜À ÔÈ ÚیÏ ÛÏیÑ Àÿ۔ [9]
ÏáÓ یÀ Àÿ ˜À ÇÈæÑیÍÇä ÈیÑæäی äÿ Çäی ˜ÊÇÈ ÇáÂËÇÑ ÇáÈÇÞیÀ ãیŸ ÚیÏ ÛÏیÑ ˜æ Çä ÚیÏæŸ ãیŸ ÔãÇ Ñ˜یÇ Àÿ Ìä ãیŸ ÊãÇã ãÓáãÇä ÎæÔیÇŸ ãäÇÊÿ ʪÿ ÇæÑ ÇÀÊãÇã ˜ÑÊÿ ʪÿ [10] ÕÑÝ ÇÈä ÎáÞÇä ÇæÑ ÇÈæÑیÍÇä ÈیÑæäی äÿ Àی ÇÓ Ïä ˜æ ÚیÏ ˜Ç Ïä äÀیŸ ˜ÀÇ Àÿ¡ Èá˜À ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ÿ ãÔÀæÑ ãÚÑæÝ ÚÇáã ËÚáÈی äÿ Ȫی ÔÈ ÛÏیÑ ˜æ ÇãÊ ãÓáãÀ ˜ÿ ÏÑãیÇä ãÔÀæÑ ÔÈæŸ ãیŸ ÔãÇÑ ˜یÇ Àÿ [11] ÇÓ ÇÓáÇãی ÚیÏ ˜ی ÈäیÇÏ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ÿ ÒãÇäÀ ãیŸ Àی јªی ÌÇ ˜ی ʪی¡ ˜یæä˜À  äÿ ÇÓ Ïä ÊãÇã ãÀÇÌÑ ¡ÇäÕÇÑ ÇæÑ Çäی ÇÒæÇÌ ˜æ ͘ã ÏیÇ ˜À Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ÿ ÇÓ ÌÇÄÇæÑ ÇãÇãÊ æ æáÇیÊ ˜ÿ ÓáÓáÀ ãیŸ Çä ˜æ ãÈÇјÈÇÏ Ïæ ۔ ÒیÏ ÇÈä ÇÑÞã ˜ÀÊÿ ÀیŸ ˜À ÍÖÑÊ ÇÈæÈ˜Ñ ¡ÚãÑ¡ÚËãÇä¡ØáÍÀ æÒÈیÑ ãÀÇÌÑیä ãیŸ Óÿ æÀ Àáÿ ÇÝÑÇÏ Êªÿ ÌäªæŸ äÿ ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ÿ ÀÇʪ Ñ ÈیÚÊ ˜ی ÇæÑ ãÈÇјÈÇÏ Ïی۔ ÈیÚÊ ÇæÑ ãÈÇјÈÇÏی ˜یÇ یÀ ÓáÓáÀ ãÛÑÈ Ê˜ áÊÇ ÑÀÇ [12] ۱۱۰ ÑÇæیÇä ÍÏیË : ÇÓ ÊÇÑیÎی æÇÞÚÀ ˜ی ÇÀãیÊ ˜ÿ áÆÿ ÇÊäÇ Àی ˜ÇÝی Àÿ ˜À ÇÓ ˜æ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ÿ Çی˜ Óæ ÏÓ ÇÕÍÇÈ äÿ äÞá ˜یÇ Àÿ۔ [13] ÇáÈÊÀ ÇÓ ÌãáÀ ˜Ç ãØáÈ یÀ äÀیŸ Àÿ ˜À ÕÍÇÈÀ ˜ی ÇÊäی Èšی ÊÚÏÇÏ ãیŸ Óÿ ÕÑÝ ÇäªیŸ ÇÕÍÇÈ äÿ ÇÓ æÇÞÚÀ ˜æ ÈیÇä ˜یÇ Àÿ¡ Èá˜À ÇÓ Óÿ ãÑÇÏ یÀ Àÿ ˜À ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ÿ ÚáãÇÁ äÿ Ìæ ˜ÊÇÈیŸ ᘪی ÀیŸ Çä ãیŸ ÕÑÝ ÇäªیŸ Çی˜ Óæ ÏÓ ÇÝÑÇÏ ˜Ç Ð˜Ñ ãáÊÇ Àÿ ۔ ÏæÓÑی ÕÏی ¡ ÌÓ ˜æ ÊÇÈÚÇä ˜Ç ÏæÑ ˜ÀÇ یÇ Àÿ ÇÓ ãیŸ ۸۹/ ÇÝÑÇÏ äÿ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜æ äÞá ˜یÇ Àÿ ۔ ÈÚÏ ˜ی ÕÏیæŸ ãیŸ Ȫی ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ÿ Êیä Óæ ÓÇŠª ÚáãÇÁ äÿ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜æ Çäی ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ãیŸ ÈیÇä ˜یÇ Àÿ ÇæÑÚáãÇÁ ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ی Çی˜ Èšی ÊÚÏÇÏ äÿ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜ی ÓäÏ ÇæÑ ÕÍÊ ˜æ ÕÍیÍ ÊÓáیã ˜یÇ Àÿ ۔ ÇÓ ÑæÀ äÿ ÕÑÝ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜æ ÈیÇä ˜Ñäÿ Ñ Àی ǘÊÝÇÁ äÀیŸ ˜یÇ Èá˜À ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜ی ÓäÏ ÇæÑ ÇÝÇÏیÊ ˜ÿ ÈÇÑÿ ãیŸ ãÓÊÞá ØæÑ ˜ÊÇÈیŸ Ȫی ᘪی ÀیŸ۔ یÀÇŸ ʘ ˜À ãæÑÎ ØÈÑی äÿ ” ÇáæáÇیÊ Ýی ØÑÞö ÍÏیË ÇáÛÏیÑ“ äÇãی ˜ÊÇÈ á˜ªی ÇæÑ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜æ ۷۵ ØÑیÞæŸ Óÿ یÛãÈÑÕáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã Óÿ äÞá ˜یÇ ۔ ÇÈä ÚÞÏÀ ˜æÝی äÿ Çäÿ ÑÓÇáÀ æáÇیÊ ãیŸ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜æ ۱۰۵ ÇÝÑÇÏÓÿ äÞá ˜یÇ Àÿ ۔ ÇÈæÈ˜Ñ ãÍãÏ Èä ÚãÑ ÈÛÏÇÏی Ìæ ˜À ÌãÚÇäی ˜ÿ äÇã Óÿ ãÔÀæÑ Àÿ ÇäªæŸ äÿ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜æ ۲۵ ØÑیÞæŸ Óÿ ÈیÇä ˜یÇ Àÿ ۔ ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ÿ ãÔÀæÑÚáãÇÁ ÇæÑ ÍÏیË ÛÏیÑ : ÇÍãÏ Èä ÍäÈá ÔیÈÇäی ¡ÇÈä ÍÌÑ ÚÓÞáÇäی¡ÌÒÑی ÔÇÝÚی¡ÇÈæÓÚیÏ ÓÌÓÊÇäی¡ÇãیÑ ãÍãÏ یãäی¡äÓÇÆی¡ÇÈæ ÇáÇÚáÇÁ ÀãÏÇäی ÇæÑ ÇÈæ ÇáÚÑÝÇä ÍÈÇä äÿ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜æ ÈÀÊ Óی ÓäÏæŸ [14] ˜ÿ ÓÇʪ äÞá ˜یÇ Àÿ۔ ÔیÚÀ ÚáãÇÁ äÿ Ȫی ÇÓ ÊÇÑیÎی æÇÞÚÀ ˜ÿ ÈÇÑÿ ãیŸ ÈÀÊ Óی ÇÀã ˜ÊÇÈیŸ ᘪیŸ ÀیŸ ÇæÑ ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ی ãÔÀæÑ ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ˜Ç ÍæÇáÀ ÏیÇ Àÿ۔ Çä ãیŸ Óÿ ÌÇãÚ ÊÑیä ˜ÊÇÈ ” ÇáÛÏیÑ“ Àÿ ¡Ìæ ÚÇáã ÇÓáÇã ˜ÿ ãÔÀæÑãÄáÝ ãÑÍæã ÚáÇãÀ Çãیäی ˜ÿ Þáã ˜Ç ÔÇÀ˜ÇÑ Àÿ۔ ÈÀÑÍÇá یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ ÇãیÑ Çáãæãäیä Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜æ ÇäÇÌÇäÔیä ÈäÇäÿ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ ÝÑãÇیÇ:” Çÿ áææ! ÇȪی ÇȪی ÌÈÑÆیá Çãیä یÀ ÂیÊ áÿ ˜Ñ äÇÒá ÀæÆÿ [15]
ÂÌ ãیŸ äÿ ÊãªÇÑÿ Ïیä ˜æ ˜Çãá ˜ÑÏیÇ ÇæÑ Êã Ñ Çäی äÚãÊæŸ ˜æȪی ÊãÇã ˜یÇ ÇæÑ ÊãªÇÑÿ áÆÿ Ïیä ÇÓáÇã ˜æ ÓäÏ ˜یÇ ۔ ÇÓ æÞÊ یÛãÈÑ Ç˜Ñã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ ʘÈیÑ ˜Àی ÇæÑ ÝÑãÇیÇ :” ÇááÀ ˜ÇÔ˜ÑÇÏÇ ˜ÑÊÇ ÀæŸ ˜À ÇÓ äÿ Çäÿ ÂÆیä ÇæÑ äÚãÊæŸ ˜æ æÑÇ ˜یÇ ÇæÑ ãیÑÿ ÈÚÏ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ی æáÇیÊ ÇæÑ æÕی æ ÌÇäÔیäی Óÿ ÎæÔäæÏ ÀæÇ ۔ ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ÈáäÏی Óÿ äیÿ ÊÔÑیÝ áÇÆÿ ÇæÑ ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã Óÿ ÝÑãÇیǘÀ:” ÌÇÄ Îیãÿ ãیŸ ÌÇ˜Ñ ÈیŠªæ¡ ÊǘÀ ÇÓáÇã ˜ی ÈÒÑ ÔÎÕیÊیŸ  ˜ی ÈیÚÊ ˜ÑÊÿ ÀæÆÿ ãÈÇјÈÇÏ یÔ ˜ÑیŸ۔ ÓÈ Óÿ Àáÿ ÍÖÑÊ ÇÈæÈ˜Ñ æÍÖÑÊ ÚãÑ äÿ ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜æ ãÈÇјÈÇÏ یÔ ˜ی ÇæÑ Çä ˜æ ÇäÇ ãæáÇ ÊÓáیã ˜یÇ ۔ ÍÓÇä Èä ËÇÈÊ äÿ ãæÞÚ Óÿ ÝÇÆÏÀ ÇŠªÇیÇ ÇæÑ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ی ÇÌÇÒÊ Óÿ Çی˜ ÞÕیÏÀ ˜ÀÀ ˜Ñ ÇÓ ˜æšªÇ ¡یÀÇŸ Ñ ÇÓ ÞÕیÏÿ ˜ÿ ÕÑÝ ÏæÇÀã ÇÔÚÇ Ñ ÈیÇä ˜ÑÑÀÿ ÀیŸ : ÝÞÇá áÀ Þã یÇ Úáی ÝÇääی ÝÇäی ÑÖیʘ ãä ÈÚÏی ÇãÇãÇ ð æÀÇÏیÇð Ýãä ˜äÊ ãæáÇÀ ÝÀٰÐÇ æáیÀ ݘæäæ áÀ ÇÊÈÇÚ ÕÏÞ ãæÇáیÇ یÚäی Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã Óÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ :” ÇŠªæ ãیŸ äÿ  ˜æ Çäی ÌÇäÔیäی ÇæÑ Çäÿ ÈÚÏ áææŸ ˜ی ÇãÇãÊ æ ÑÇÀäãÇÆی ˜ÿ áÆÿ ãäÊÎÈ ˜ÑáیÇ ۔ “ ÌÓ ÌÓ ˜Ç ãیŸ (Õ) ãæáÇ ÀæŸ ÇÓ ÇÓ ˜ÿ Úáی ãæáÇ ÀیŸ۔ Êã ¡˜À Çä ˜æ Ïá Óÿ ÏæÓÊ Ñ˜ªÊÿ Àæ ¡ÈÓ Çä ˜ی یÑæی ˜Ñæ۔ [16 ÏÎÊÑ ÑÓæá Õ ¡ÍÖÑÊ ÝÇØãÀ ÒÀÑÇÁ ÓáÇã ÇááÀ ÚáیÀÇ ÌیÓی ÚÙیã ÔÎÕیÊ äÿ Ȫی ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ی æÇáÇ ãÞÇãی Óÿ Çä˜ÇÑ ˜Ñäÿ æÇáæŸ ˜ÿ ÓÇãäÿ¡ ÇÓی ÍÏیË Óÿ ÇÓÊÏáÇá ˜یÇ ۔ [17] ãæáیٰ Óÿ ˜یÇ ãÑÇÏ Àÿ ¿ یÀÇŸ Ñ ÓÈ Óÿ ÇÀã ãÓÆáÀ ãæáیٰ ˜ÿ ãÚäی ˜ی ÊÝÓیÑ Àÿ Ìæ ˜À æÖÇÍÊ ãیŸ ÚÏã ÊæÌÀ ÇæÑ áÇÑæÇÀی ˜Ç äÔÇäÀ Èäی ÀæÆÀÿ ۔˜یæä˜À ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜ÿ ÈÇÑÿ ãیŸ Ìæ ˜ª ÈیÇä ˜یÇیÇ Àÿ ÇÓ Óÿ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜ی ÓäϘÿ ÞØÚی Àæäÿ ãیŸ ˜æÆی Ô˜ æ ÊÑÏیÏ ÈÇÞی äÀیŸ ÑÀ ÌÇÊی¡ ÛÏیÑ ˜ÿ ÊÇÑیÎی æÇÞÚÀ ˜ÿ Ïä ÑÓæá ǘÑã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ÿ ÔÇÚÑ ÍÓÇä Èä ËÇÈÊ äÿ ÑÓæá ǘÑã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã Óÿ ÇÌÇÒÊ áÿ ˜Ñ Çä ˜ÿ ãÖãæä ˜æ ÇÔÚÇÑ ˜ی Ô˜á ãیŸ ªÇáÇ ۔ÇÓ ÝÕیÍ æ ÈáیÛ æÇÑÚÑÈی ÒÈÇä ˜ÿ ÑãæÒ Óÿ ÂÔäÇ ÔÎÕ äÿ áÝÙ ãæáÇ ˜ی ÌÀ áÝÙ ÇãÇã æÀÇÏی ˜æ ÇÓÊÚãÇá ˜یÇ ÇæÑ ˜ÀÇ : ÝÞÇá áÀ Þã یÇ Úáی ÝÇääی ÝÇäی ÑÖیʘ ãä ÈÚÏی ÇãÇãÇ ð æÀÇÏیÇð
[18] یÚäی یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã Óÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ : Çÿ Úáی ! ÇŠªæ ˜À ãیŸ äÿ Êã ˜æ Çäÿ ÈÚÏ ÇãÇã æÀÇÏی ˜ی Ô˜á ãیŸ ãäÊÎÈ ˜ÑáیÇ Àÿ ۔ ÇÓ ÔÚÑ Óÿ ÙÇÀÑ Àÿ ˜À ÔÇÚÑ äÿ یÛãÈÑ Ç˜Ñã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ÿ ÇÓÊÚãÇá ˜ÑÏÀ áÝÙ ãæáÇ ˜æÇãÇãÊ¡ یÔæÇی ¡ÀÏÇیÊ ÇæÑ ÇãÊ ˜ی ÑÀÈÑ ˜ÿ ÚáÇæÀ ˜Óی ÏæÓÑÿ ãÚäی ãیŸ ÇÓÊÚãÇá äÀیŸ ˜یÇ Àÿ ۔ ÇæÑ یÀ ÔÇÚÑ ÚÑÈ ˜ÿ ÝÕیÍ æ ÇÀá áÛÊ ÇÝÑÇÏãیŸ ÔãÇÑ ÀæÊÇ Àÿ ۔ÇæÑÕÑÝ ÚÑÈ ˜ÿ ÇÓ ÚÙیã ÔÇÚÑ ÍÓÇä äÿ Àی ÇÓ áÝÙ ãæáÇ ˜æ ÇãÇãÊ ˜ÿ ãÚäی ãیŸ ÇÓÊÚãÇá äÀیŸ ˜یÇÀÿ¡ Èá˜À ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ Âäÿ æÇáÿ ÊãÇã ÇÓáÇãی ÔÚÑÇÁ äÿ Ìæ ÚÑÈ ˜ÿ ãÔÀæÑ ÔÚÑÇÁ æÇÏÈÇÁ ʪÿ ÇæÑ ÚÑÈی ÒÈÇä ˜ÿ ÇÓÊÇÏ ÔãÇÑ ÀæÊÿ ʪÿ¡ ÇäªæŸ äÿ Ȫی ÇÓ áÝÙ ãæáÇ Óÿ æÀی ãÚäی ãÑÇÏ áÆÿ ÀیŸ Ìæ ÍÓÇä äÿ ãÑÇÏ áÆÿ ʪÿ یÚäی ÇãÇãÊ ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÚáÇæÀ ÍÖÑÊ ÇãیÑ ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã äÿ Ìæ ÇÔÚÇÑ ÇãیÑ ÔÇã ˜æ ᘪÿ Çä ãیŸ ÍÏیË ÛÏیÑ ˜ÿ ÈÇÑÿ ãیŸ یÀ ÝÑãÇیǘÀ æÇæÌÈ áی æáÇیÊÀ Úáی˜ã ÑÓæá ÇááÀ یæã ÛÏیÑ Îã [19]
یÚäی ÇááÀ ˜ÿ یÛãÈÑ äÿ ÛÏیјÿ Ïä ãیÑی æáÇیÊ ˜æ ÊãªÇÑÿ ÇæÑ æÇÌÈ ÞÑÇÑÏیÇ ۔ ÇãÇã Óÿ ÈÀÊÑ ˜æä ÔÎÕ Àÿ¡ Ìæ ÀãÇÑÿ áÆÿ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜ی ÊÝÓیÑ ˜ÑÓ˜ÿ ¿ÇæÑÈÊÇÆÿ ˜À ÛÏیÑ ˜ÿ Ïä ÇááÀ ˜ÿ یÛãÈÑ(Õ) äÿ æáÇیÊ ˜æ ˜Ó ãÚäی ãیŸ ÇÓÊÚãÇá ˜یÇÀÿ ¿˜یÇ یÀ ÊÝÓیÑ یÀ äÀیŸ ÈÊÇ ÑÀی Àÿ ˜À æÇÞÚÀ ÛÏیÑ ãیŸ ãæÌæÏ ÊãÇã ÇÝÑÇÏ äÿ áÝÙ ãæáÇ Óÿ ÇãÇãÊ ˜ÿ ÚáÇæÀ ˜æÆی ÏæÓÑÇãÚäی äÀیŸ ÓãÌªÇ ¿ ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÓÇʪ ÓÇʪ یÛãÈÑ Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ ” ãä ˜äÊ ãæáÇÀ “ ˜Àäÿ Óÿ Àáÿ یÀ ÓæÇá ˜یÇ ˜À ”ÇáÓÊ Çæáیٰ Șã ãä ÇäÝӘ㿓 ˜یÇ ãیŸ ÊãªÇÑÿ äÝÓæŸ Ñ Êã Óÿ ÒیÇÏÀ ÍÞ ÊÕÑÝ äÀیŸ јªÊÇ ÀæŸ ¿یÛãÈÑ(Õ) ˜ÿ ÇÓ ÓæÇá ãیŸ áÝÙ Çæáیٰ ÈäÝÓ ˜Ç ÇÓÊÚãÇá ÀæÇ Àÿ۔ Àáÿ ÓÈ áææŸ Óÿ Çäی ÇæáæیÊ ˜Ç ÇÞÑÇÑ áیÇ ÇæÑ ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ ÈáÇÝÕá ÇÑÔÇÏ ÝÑãÇیÇ:” ãä ˜äÊ ãæáÇÀ ÝÀٰÐÇ Úáی ãæáÇÀ “ یÚäی ÌÓ ÌÓ ˜Ç ãیŸ (Õ)ãæáÇ ÀæŸ ÇÓ ÇÓ ˜ÿ Úáی ãæáÇ ÀیŸ۔ Çä Ïæ ÌãáæŸ ˜æãáÇäÿ ˜Ç ÀÏÝ ˜یÇ Àÿ¿˜یÇ ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÚáÇæÀ Ȫی ˜æÆی ÀÏÝ Àæ Ó˜ÊÇ Àÿ ˜À ÈäÕ ÞÑÂä Ìæ ãÞÇã یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜æ ÍÇÕá Àÿ¡ æÀی Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ÿ áÆÿ Ȫی ËÇÈÊ ˜ÑیŸ¿ÕÑÝ ÇÓ ÝÑÞ ˜ÿ ÓÇʪ ˜À æÀ یÛãÈÑ ÀیŸ ÇæÑ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ÇãÇãºäÊیÌÀ ãیŸ ÍÏیË ÛÏیÑ ˜ÿ یÀ ãÚäی Àæ ÌÇÆیŸ ÿ ˜À ÌÓ ÌÓ Óÿ ãیÑی ÇæáæیÊ ˜ی äÓÈÊ Àÿ ÇÓ ÇÓ Óÿ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜æ Ȫی ÇæáæیÊ ˜ی äÓÈÊ Àÿ ۔ [20] ÇÑ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜Ç ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÚáÇæÀ ÇæÑ ˜æÆی ÀÏÝ ÀæÊÇ¡ Êæ áææŸ Óÿ Çäی ÇæáæیÊ ˜Ç ÇÞÑÇÑáیäÿ ˜ی ÖÑæÑÊ äÀیŸ ʪی ۔ÇÓی ØÑÍ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ Çäÿ ÎØÈÿ ˜ÿ ÔÑæÚ ãیŸ¡ Çäی ÑÍáÊ ˜ÿ ÈÇÑÿ ãیŸ ÝÑãÇیÇ ˜À :” Çäی ÇæÔ˜ Çä ÇÏÚیٰ ÝÇÌیÈ“یÚäی ÞÑیÈ Àÿ ˜À ãیŸ ÏÚæÊ ÍÞ Ñ áÈی˜ ˜ÀæŸ [21] یÀ ÌãáÀ ÇÓ ÈÇÊ ˜Ç Ú˜ÇÓ Àÿ ˜À یÛãÈÑ(Õ) Çäÿ ÈÚÏ ˜ÿ áÆÿ ˜æÆی ÇäÊÙÇã ˜ÑäÇ ÇÀÊÿ ÀیŸ¡ ÊǘÀ ÑÍáÊ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ یÏÇ Àæäÿ æÇáÇ ÎáÇ Ñ Àæ Ó˜ÿ۔ãÓÆáÀ æáÇیÊ ˜ÿ áÆÿ ÇÓ Óÿ ÒیÇÏÀ ÑæÔä ÇæÑ ˜یÇ ÞÑیäÀ Àæ Ó˜ÊÇ Àÿ۔ ˜À یÛãÈÑ Ç˜Ñã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ ” ãä ˜äÊ ãæáÇÀ ¿ “ Ìãáÿ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ ÝÑãÇیÇ ˜À :” ÇááÀ ǘÈÑ Úáیٰ ǘãÇá ÇáÏیä æÇÊãÇã ÇáäÚãÊ æÑÖی ÑÈی ÈÑÓÇáÊی æÇáæáÇیÊ áÚáی ãä ÈÚÏی“ ÇÑ ãæáÇ Óÿ ÏæÓÊی یÇ ãÓáãÇäæŸ ˜ی ãÏÏ ãÑÇÏ Àÿ Êæ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ی ÏæÓÊی ¡ãæÏÊ æãÏÏ Óÿ Ïیä ˜Ó ØÑÍ ˜Çãá ÀæیÇ ÇæÑ ÇÓ ˜ی äÚãÊیŸ ˜Ó ØÑÍ æÑی ÀæÆیŸ ¿ÓÈ Óÿ ÑæÔä یÀ Àÿ ˜À æÀ ˜ÀÊÿ ÀیŸ ˜À ÇááÀ ãیÑی ÑÓÇáÊ ÇæÑ ãیÑÿ ÈÚÏ Úáی(Ú) ˜ی æáÇیÊ Óÿ ÑÇÖی Àæ یÇ [22] ۔ ÊÇÑیÎ ãیŸ ãÑÞæã Àÿ ˜À ÍÖÑÊ ÇÈæÈ˜Ñ æ ÍÖÑÊ ÚãÑ äÿ ÇãیÑÇáãæãäیä ÇãÇã Úáی ˜æ Çä ÇáÝÇÙ ˜ÿ ÓÇʪ ãÈÇјÈÇÏ Ïی ”ÀäیÆÇð ᘠیÇÚáی Èä ÇÈی ØÇáÈ ÇÕÈÍÊ æÇãÓیÊ ãæáÇی æãæáیٰ ˜á ãæãä æãÄãäÉ“
[23] یÚäی Çÿ Úáی Èä ÇÈی ØÇáÈ Â ˜æ ãÈÇј Àæ ˜À ÕÈÍ æÔÇã ãیÑÿ ÇæÑ ÀÑ ãæãä ãÑÏ æ ÚæÑÊ ˜ÿ ãæáÇ ÀæÆÿ ۔ ÇÑ ÎØÈÆÀ ÛÏیÑ Óÿ ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ی ÏæÓÊی ãÑÇÏ Êªی Êæ ÇÓ ˜ÿ áÆÿ ÊæیÀ ÖÑæÑی äÀیŸ 滂 ˜À ̪áÓÇ Ïیäÿ æÇáی Ñãی ãیŸ ÇÓ ãÓÆáÀ ˜æ ÈیÇä ˜یÇ ÌÇÊÇ۔ Çی˜ áǘª Óÿ ÒیÇÏÀ ÇÝÑÇÏ Ñ ãÔÊãá ÞÇÝáÀ ˜æ Ñæ˜Ç ÌÇÊÇ ÇæÑ ÊیÒ Ïªæ ãیŸ Šیá ãیÏÇä ˜ÿ ÊÊÿ ÀæÆÿ ʪÑæŸ ÑáææŸ ˜æ ÈیŠªÇ ˜ÑãÝÕá ÎØÈÀ ÈیÇä ˜یÇÌÇÊÇ ۔ ˜یÇ ÞÑÂä äÿ ÊãÇã ãæãäیä ˜æ Çی˜ ÏæÓÑÿ ˜Ç ȪÇÆی äÀیŸ ˜ÀÇ Àÿ¿ÌیÓÇ ˜À ÇÑÔÇÏ ÀæÊÇ Àÿ [24]
ãæãäیä ÂÓ ãیŸ Çی˜ ÏæÓÑÿ ˜ÿ ȪÇÆی ÀیŸ ۔˜یÇ ÞÑÂä äÿ ÏæÓÑی ÂیÊæŸ ãیŸ ãæãäیä ˜æ Çی˜ ÏæÓÑÿ ˜ÿ ÏæÓÊ ˜ی Ô˜á ãیŸ äÀیŸ ÀäæÇیÇ Àÿ¿ ÇæÑ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã Ȫی ÇÓی ãæãä ÓãÇÌ ˜ی Çی˜ ÝÑÏ Êªÿ¡ áÀٰÐÇ ˜یÇ Çä ˜ی ÏæÓÊی ˜ÿ ÇÚáÇä ˜ی Çá Óÿ ˜یÇ ÖÑæÑÊ Êªی¿ÇæÑ ÇÑ یÀ ÝÑÖ Èªی ˜ÑáیÇ ÌÇÆÿ ˜À ÇÓ ÇÚáÇä ãیŸ ÏæÓÊی Àی ãÏ äÙÑ Êªی Êæ ªÑ ÇÓ ˜ÿ áÆÿ äÇÓÇÒÇÑ ãÇÍæá ãیŸ Çä ÓÈ ÇäÊÙÇãÇÊ ˜ی ˜یÇ ÖÑæÑÊ Êªی¿ یÀ ˜Çã Êæ ãÏیäÀ ãیŸ Ȫی ˜یÇ ÌÇ Ó˜ÊÇ ÊªÇ۔ یÞیäÇ ˜æÆ ÈÀÊ ÇÀã ãÓÆáÀ ÏјÇÑ ÊªÇ ÌÓ ˜ÿ áÆÿ Çä ÇÓÊËäÇÆی ãÞÏãÇÊ ˜ی ÖÑæÑÊ یÔ ÂÆی ¡˜یæä˜À ÇÓ ØÑÍ ˜ÿ ÇäÊÙÇãÇÊ یÛãÈÑÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ی ÒäÏی ãیŸ äÀ ˜Èªی Àáÿ Ïی˜ªÿ Æÿ ÇæÑ äÀ Àی ÇÓ æÇÞÚÀ ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ äÙÑ ÂÆÿ ۔ÇÓی ØÑÍ ÒæÌÇÊ یÛãÈÑÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã¡ÍÖÑÊ Çã Óáãیٰ ÇæÑ ÍÖÑÊ ÚÇÆÔÀ ˜ÀÊی ÀیŸ ˜À Àã äÿ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã Óÿ ÓäÇ Àÿ ˜À ÇäªæŸ äÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ: ”Úáی ãÚ ÇáÍÞ æ ÇáÍÞ ãÚ Úáی یÝÊÑÞÇ ÍÊی یÑÏÇ Úáی ÇáÍæÖ “ Úáی ÍÞ ˜ÿ ÓÇʪ ÀیŸ ÇæÑ ÍÞ Úáی (Ú) ˜ÿ ÓÇʪ Àÿ ¡ÇæÑ یÀ ÀÑÒ Çی˜ ÏæÓÑÿ Óÿ ÌÏÇ äÀیŸ ÀæÓ˜Êÿ ÌÈ Ê˜ ˜À ÍæÖ ˜æËÑ Ñ ãیÑÿ ÇÓ äÀ Àæä ÌÇÆیŸ۔ یÀ ÍÏیË ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ی ÈÀÊ Óی ãÔÀæÑ ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ãیŸ ãæÌæÏ Àÿ۔ ÚáÇãÀ Çãیäی äÿ Çä ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ˜Ç Ð˜Ñ Ç áÛÏیÑ ˜ی ÊیÓÑی ÌáÏ ãیŸ ˜یÇ Àÿ [25] ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ÿ ãÔÀæÑ ãÝÓÑ ÞÑÇä¡ ÝÎÑ ÑÇÒی äÿ ÊÝÓیÑ ˜ÈیÑ ãیŸ ÓæÑÀ ÍãÏ ˜ی ÊÝÓیÑ ˜ÿ ÊÍÊ á˜ªÇ Àÿ ˜À ” ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ÈÓã ÇááÀ ˜æ ÈáäÏ ÂæÇÒ Óÿ šªÊÿ ʪÿ ۔ÇæÑ یÀ ÈÇÊ ÊæÇÊÑ Óÿ ËÇÈÊ Àÿ ˜À Ìæ Ïیä ãیŸ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ی ÇÞÊÏÇ ˜ÑÊÇ Àÿ æÀ ÀÏÇیÊ یÇÝÊÀ Àÿ ۔ÇæÑ ÇÓ ˜ی Ïáیá یÛãÈÑ Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ی یÀ ÍÏیË Àÿ ˜À  äÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ:” ÇááÀã ÇÏÑáÍÞ ãÚ Úáی ÍیË ÏÇÑ“ Çÿ ÇááÀ ÍÞ ˜æ Ç컄 ãæš Ïÿ Ì컄 Úáی ãšÿ [26] ÞÇÈá ÊæÌÀ Àÿ یÀ ÍÏیË Ìæ یÀ ˜ÀÀ ÑÀی Àÿ ˜À Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ی ÐÇÊ ÍÞ ˜Ç ãÑ˜Ò Àÿ ۔ یãÇä ÈÑÇ ÏÑی : یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ÿ ÇÕÍÇÈ ˜ÿ Çی˜ ãÔÀæÑ ÑæÀ äÿ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜æ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã Óÿ äÞá ˜یÇ Àÿ :” ÂÎی ÑÓæá ÇááÀ Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã Èیä ÇÕÍÇÈ ÝÇÎی Èیä ÇÈی È˜Ñ æ ÚãÑ¡ æÝÇáÇä æ ÝáÇä ¡ ÝÌÇÁ Úáی ÑÖی ÇááÀ ÚäÀ ÝÞÇá ÂÎیÊ Èیä ÇÕÍÇȘ æ áã ÊæÇÎ Èیäی æÈیä ÇÍÏ¿ ÝÞÇá ÑÓæá ÇááÀ Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ÇäÊ ÇÎی Ýی ÇáÏäیÇ æÇáÂÎÑÉ “ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ Çäÿ ÇÕÍÇÈ ˜ÿ ÏÑãیÇä ÕیÛÀ ÇÎæÊ ÌÇÑی ˜یÇ ¡ÍÖÑÊ ÇÈæÈ˜Ñ ˜æÍÖÑÊ ÚãÑ ˜Ç ȪÇÆی ÈäÇیÇ ÇæÑ ÇÓی ØÑÍ ÓÈ ˜æ Çی˜ ÏæÓÑÿ ˜Ç ȪÇÆی ÈäÇیÇ ۔ÇÓی æÞÊ ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ¡ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ی ÎÏãÊ ãیŸ ÍÇÖÑ ÀæÆÿ ÇæÑ ÚÑÖ ˜ی  äÿ ÓÈ ˜ÿ ÏÑãیÇä ÇÎæÊ ˜Ç ÑÔÊÀ ÞÇÆã ˜ÑÏیÇ áی˜ä ã̪ÿ ˜Óی ˜Ç ȪÇÆی äÀیŸ ÈäÇیÇ ۔یÛãÈÑ Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ:”  ÏäیÇ æ ÂÎÑÊ ãیŸ ãیÑÿ ȪÇÆی ÀیŸ “ ÇÓی Óÿ ãáÊÇ ÌáÊÇ ãÖãæä ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ی ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ãیŸ ۴۹ ÌÀæŸ Ñ Ð˜Ñ ÀæÇ Àÿ۔ [27] ˜یÇ ÍÖÑÊ Úáی ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ÇæÑ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ÿ ÏÑãیÇ ä ȪÇÆ ˜Ç ÑÔÊÀ ÇÓ ÈÇÊ ˜ی Ïáیá äÀیŸ Àÿ ˜À æÀ ÇãÊ ãیŸ ÓÈ Óÿ ÇÝÖá æ ÇÚáیٰ ÀیŸ۔ÍÖÑÊ ÇÈæÐÑ ÛÝÇÑی äÿ ÎÇäÀ ˜ÚÈÀ ˜ÿ ÏÑ ˜æ ˜š ˜Ñ ˜ÀÇ ˜À Ìæ ã̪ÿ ÌÇäÊÇ Àÿ¡ æÀ Êæ ÌÇäÊÇ Àی Àÿ ÇæÑ Ìæ äÀیŸ ÌÇäÊÇ æÀ ÌÇä áÿ ˜À ãیŸ ÇÈæÐÑ À柡 ãیŸ äÿ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã Óÿ ÓäÇ Àÿ ˜À ÇäªæŸ äÿ ÝÑãÇیÇ : ” ãËá ÇÀáÈیÊی Ýی˜ã ãÕá ÓÝیäÉ äæÍ¡ ãä јÈÀÇ äÌیٰ æãä ÊÎáÝ ÚäÀÇ ÛÑÞ “ ÊãªÇÑÿ ÏÑãیÇä ãیÑÿ ÇÀáÈیÊ (Ú) ˜ی ãËÇá ˜ÔÊی äæÍ ÌیÓی Àÿ¡ Ìæ ÇÓ Ñ ÓæÇÑ ÀæÇ ÇÓ äÿ äÌÇÊ ÇÆ ÇæÑ ÌÓ äÿ ÑæÑÏÇäی ˜ی æÀ Àáǘ ÀæÇ۔ [28] ÌÓ Ïä ØæÝÇä äæÍ äÿ Òãیä ˜æ Çäی ÑÝÊ ãیŸ áیÇ ÊªÇ¡ ÇÓ Ïä äæÍ ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜ی ˜ÔÊی ˜ÿ ÚáÇæÀ äÌÇÊ ˜Ç ˜æÆی ÏæÓÑÇ ÐÑیÚÀ äÀیŸ 滂 ۔یÀÇŸ ʘ ˜À æÀ ÇæäÇ ÀǚȪی ¡ÌÓ ˜ی æŠی Ñ äæÍ ÚáیÀ ÇáÓáÇã ˜Ç ÈیŠÇ ÈیŠªÇ ÀæÇ滂 äÌÇÊ äÀ Ïÿ Ó˜Ç۔ ˜یÇ یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã ˜ÿ ÝÑãÇä ˜ÿ ãØÇÈÞ ¡Çä ˜ÿ ÈÚÏ ÇÀá ÈیÊ ÚáیÀã ÇáÓáÇã ÇæÑ æÕی æ æáی ˜ÿ ÏÇãä Óÿ æÇÈÓÊÀ Àæäÿ ˜ÿ ÚáÇæÀ äÌÇÊ ˜Ç ˜æÆی ÏæÓÑÇ ÑÇÓÊÀ Àÿ¿۔۔۔یÞیäÇ ÌæÇÈ äÝی ãیŸ Àی ÀæÇ۔ ÇááÀ ǘ ÀãیŸ ãÍãÏ (Õ) æ Âá ãÍãÏ Õ ˜ÿ ÑÇÓÊÿ Ñ áäÿ ˜ی ÊæÝیÞ ÚØÇ ÝÑãÇÆÿ۔
ÍæÇáÀ ÌÇÊ۔۔۔
[1] یÀ ÌÀ ÇÍÑÇã ˜ÿ ãیÞÇÊ ˜ی Àÿ ÇæÑ ãÇÖی ãیŸ یÀÇŸ Óÿ ÚÑÇÞ¡ãÕÑ ÇæÑ ãÏیäÀ ˜ÿ ÑÇÓÊÿ ÌÏÇ Àæ ÌÇÊÿ ʪÿ۔
[2] ÑÇÈÛ ÇÈ Èªی ã˜À ÇæÑ ãÏیäÀ ˜ÿ Èی ãیŸ æÇÞÚ Àÿ۔
[3] ÓæÑÀ ãÇÆÏÀ ÂیÀ/ ۶۷
[4] یÛãÈÑ ÇÓáÇã Õáی ÇááÀ ÚáیÀ æÂáÀ æÓáã äÿ ÇØãیäÇä ˜ÿ áÆÿ ÇÓ Ìãáÿ ˜æ Êیä ÈÇÑ ˜ÀÇ ÊǘÀ ÈÚÏ ãیŸ ˜æÆی ãÛÇáØÀ äÀ Àæ۔
[5] یÀ æÑی ÍÏیË ÛÏیÑ یÇ ÝÞØ ÇÓ ˜Ç ÀáÇ ÍÕÀ یÇ ÝÞØ ÏæÓÑÇ ÍÕÀ Çä ãÓäÏæŸ ãیŸ ÂیÇ Àÿ ۔ (ÇáÝ)ãÓäÏ ÇÍãÏ ÇÈä ÍäÈá Õ/ ۲۵۶( È) ÊÇÑیÎ ÏãÔÞ Ì/ ۴۲ Õ/ ۲۰۷ ¡ ۲۰۸ ¡ ۴۴۸ ( Ì)ÎÕÇÆÕ äÓÇÆی Õ/ ۱۸۱ ( Ï)ÇáãÌãá ˜ÈیÑ Ì/ ۱۷ Õ/ ۳۹ ( À) Óää ÊÑãÐی Ì/ ۵ Õ/ ۶۳۳( æ) ÇáãÓÊÏј ÇáÕÍیÍیä Ì/ ۱۳ ۲ Õ/ ۱۳۵ ( Ò) ÇáãÚÌã ÇáÇæÓØ Ì/ ۶ Õ/ ۹۵ ( Í) ãÓäÏ ÇÈی یÚáی Ì/ ۱ Õ / ۲۸۰ ¡ÇáãÍÇÓä æÇáãÓÇæی Õ/ ۴۱( Ø)ãäÇÞÈ ÎæÇÑÒãی Õ/ ۱۰۴ ¡ÇæÑ ÏیÑ ˜ÊÈ۔
[6] ÇÓ ÎØÈÀ ˜æ ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ÿ ÈÀÊ Óÿ ÚáãÇÁ äÿ Çäی ˜ÊÇÈæŸãیŸ ИјیÇ Àÿ ۔ÌیÓÿ (ÇáÝ) ãÓäÏ ÇÍãÏ Ì/ ۱ ¡ Õ/ ۸۴ ¡ ۸۸ ¡ ۱۱۸ ¡ ۱۱۹ ¡ ۱۵۲ ¡ ۳۳۲ ¡ ۲۸۱ ¡ ۳۳۱ ¡ÇæÑ ۳۷۰( È) Óää ÇÈä ãÇÌÀ Ì/ ۱ ¡Õ/ ۵۵ ¡ ۵۸ ( Ì) ÇáãÓÊÏј ÇáÕÍیÍیä äیÔÇæÑی Ì/ ۳ Õ/ ۱۱۸ ¡ ۶۱۳( Ì) Óää ÊÑãÒی Ì/ ۵ Õ/ ۶۳۳( Ï) ÝÊÍ ÇáÈÇÑی Ì/ ۷۹ Õ/ ۷۴ ( À) ÊÇÑیÎ ÎØیÈ ÈÛÏÇÏی Ì/ ۸ Õ/ ۲۹۰ ( æ) ÊÇÑیÎ ÎáÝÇÁ¡ÓیæØی/ ۱۱۴ ¡ÇæÑ ÏیÑ ˜ÊÈ۔
[7] ÓæÑÀ ãÇÆÏÀ ÂیÀ/ ۳ ¡ ۶۷ [8] æÝÇیÉ ÇáÂیÇä ۶۰/۱ [9] æÝÇیÉ ÇáÂیÇä Ì/ ۲ Õ/ ۲۲۳ [10] ÊÑÌãÀ ÂËÇÑÇáÈÞÇیÀ Õ/ ۳۹۵ ¡ÇáÛÏیÑ/ ۱ ¡Õ/ ۲۶۷ [11] ËãÇÑ ÇáÞÈæá ÇÚیÇä/ ۱۱
[12] ÍÖÑÊ ÚãÑ Èä ÎØÇÈ ˜ی ãÈÇј ÈÇÏی ˜Ç æÇÞÚÀ ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ی ÈÀÊ Óی ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ãیŸ Ð˜Ñ ÀæÇ Àÿ ۔ Çä ãیŸ Óÿ ÎÇÕ ÎÇÕ یÀ ÀیŸ (ÇáÝ) ãÓäÏ ÇÈä ÍäÈá Ì/ ۶ ¡Õ/ ۱۰۴ ( È) ÇáÈÏÇیÀ æäÀÇیÀ Ì/ ۵ Õ/ ۲۰۹ ( Ì)ÇáÝÕæá ÇáãÀãÀ ÇÈä ÕÈÇÛ Õ/ ۴۰ ( Ï)ÝÑÇÆÏ ÇáÓãØیä ¡Ì/ ۱ ¡/ ۷۱ ¡ÇÓی ØÑÍ ÍÖÑÊ ÇÈæÈ˜Ñ ¡ÚãÑ¡ÚËãÇä ¡ØáÍÀ æ ÒÈیÑ ˜ی ãÈÇјÈÇÏی ˜Ç ãÇÌÑÇ Èªی ÈÀÊ Óی ÏæÓÑ ی ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ãیŸ ÈیÇä ÀæÇ Àÿ ÌیÓÿ ãäÇÞÈ Úáی Èä ÇÈی ØÇáÈ ¡ÊÇáیÝ :ÇÍãÏÈä ãÍãÏ ØÈÑی ¡ÇáÛÏیÑ Ì/ ۱ Õ/ ۲۷۰
[13] ÇÓ ÇÀã ÓäÏ ˜Ç Ð˜Ñ ÏæÓÑی ÌÀ ÑȪی ÂÆÿ Ç
[14] ÓäÏæŸ ˜Ç یÀ ãÌãæÚÀ ÇáÛÏیÑ ˜ی Àáی ÌáÏ ãیŸ ãæÌæÏ Àÿ Ìæ ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ی ãÔÀæÑ ˜ÊÇÈæŸ Óÿ ÌãÚ ˜یÇ یÇ Àÿ ۔
[15] ÓæÑÀٴ ãÇÆÏÀ ÂیÀ/ ۳
[16] ÍÓÇä ˜ÿ ÇÔÚÇÑ ÈÀÊ Óی ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ãیŸ äÞá ÀæÆÿ ÀیŸ Çä ãیŸ Óÿ ˜ª یÀ ÀیŸ :ãäÇÞÈ ÎæÇÑÒãی ¡Õ/ ۱۳۵ ¡ãÞÊá ÇáÍÓیä ÎæÇÑÒãی ¡Ì/ ۱ ¡Õ/ ۴۷ ¡ÝÑÇÆÏ ÇáÓãØیä Ì/ ۱ ¡Õ/ ۷۳ æ ۷۴ ¡ÇáäæÑ ÇáãÔÊÚá ¡Õ/ ۵۶ ¡ÇáãäÇÞÈ ˜æËÑ Ì/ ۱ ¡Õ/ ۱۱۸ æ ۳۶۲
[17] یÀ ÇÍÊÌÇÌ ÌÓ ˜æ ÇÕØáÇÍ ãیŸ” ãäÇÔÏÀ “˜ÀÇ ÌÇÊÇ Àÿ ÍÓÈ Ðیá ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ãیŸ ÈیÇä ÀæÇ Àÿ : ãäÇÞÈ ÇÎØÈ ÎæÇÑÒãی ÍäÝی Õ/ ۲۱۷ ¡ÝÑÇÆÏ ÇáÓãØیä Íãæیäی ÈÇÈ/ ۵۸ ¡ÇáÏÑ ÇáäÙیã ÇÈä ÍÇÊã ÔÇãی ¡æÕæÇÚÞ ÇáãÍÑÞÀ ÇÈä ÍÌÑ ÚÓÞáÇäی Õ/ ۷۵ ¡ ÇãÇáی Èä ÚÞÏÀ Õ/ ۷ æ ۲۱۲ ¡ ÔÑÍ äÀÌ ÇáÈáÇÛÀ ÇÈä ÇáÍÏیÏ Ì/ ۲ Õ/ ۶۱ ¡ ÇáÇÓÊیÚÇÈ ÇÈä ÚÈÏ ÇáÈÑ Ì/ ۳ ¡Õ/ ۳۵ ¡ÊÝÓیÑ ØÈÑی Ì/ ۳ Õ/ ۴۱۸ ¡ÓæÑÀ ãÇÆÏÀ ˜ی ۵۵ ÂیÀ ˜ÿ ÊÍÊ
[18] Çä ÇÔÚÇÑ ˜Ç ÍæÇáÀ Àáÿ ÏیÇ ÌÇ ˜Ç Àÿ
[19] ãÑÍæã ÚáÇãÀ Çãیäی äÿ Çäی ˜ÊÇÈ ÇáÛÏیÑ ˜ی ÏæÓÑی ÌáÏ ãیŸ ÕÝÍÀ äãÈÑ ۲۵ Óÿ ۳۰ Ñ ÇÓ ÔÚÑ ˜æ ÏæÓÑÿ ÇÔÚÇÑ ˜ÿ ÓÇʪ ۱۱/ ÔیÚÀ ÚáãÇÁ ÇæÑ ۲۶ / Óäی ÚáãÇÁ ˜ÿ ÍæÇáÀ Óÿ äÞá ˜یÇ Àÿ
[20] ÇáÓÊ Çæáیٰ Șã ãä ÇäÝӘ㓠ÇÓ ÌãáÀ ˜æ ÚáÇãÀ Çãیäی äÿ Çäی ˜ÊÇÈ ÇáÛÏیÑ ˜ی Àáی ÌáÏ ãیŸ ÕÝÍÀ äãÈÑ ۳۷۱ / Ñ ÚÇáã ÇÓáÇã ˜ÿ ۶۴ / ãÍÏËیä æãæÑÎیä Óÿ äÞá ˜یÇ Àÿ ۔
[21] ÇáÛÏیÑ Ì/ ۱ ¡Õ/ ۲۶ ¡ ۲۷ ¡ ۳۰ ¡ ۳۲ ¡ ۳۳۳¡۳۴ ¡ ۳۶¡۴۷ ÇæÑ ۲۷۶ Ñ ÇÓ ãØáÈ ˜æ ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ی ˜ÊÇÈæŸ Óÿ äÞá ˜یÇ Àÿ ÌیÓÿ ÕÍیÍ ÊÑãÐی Ì/ ۲ Õ/ ۲۹۸ ¡ ÇáÝÕæá ÇáãÀãÀ ÇÈä ÕÈÇÛ Õ/ ۲۵ ¡ÇáãäÇÞÈ ÇáËáÇËÀ ÍÇÝÙ ÇÈä ÝÊæÍ / ۱۹ ¡ÇáÈÏÇیÀ æÇáäÀÇیÀ ÇÈä ˜ËیÑ Ì/ ۵ Õ/ ۲۰۹ æ Ì/ ۷ Õ/ ۳۴۸ ¡ÇáÕæÇÚÞ ÇáãÍÑÞÀ Õ/ ۲۵ ¡ãÌãÚ ÇáÒæÇÆÏ ÀیÊãی Ì/ ۹ Õ/ ۱۶۵
[22] ãÑÍæã ÚáÇãÀ Çãیäی äÿ Çäی ˜ÊÇÈ ÇáÛÏیÑ ˜ی Àáی ÌáÏ ˜ÿ ÕÝÍÀ äãÈÑ ۴۳ ¡ ۱۶۵ ¡ ۲۳۱ ¡ ۲۳۲ ¡ ۲۳۵ ¡ Ñ ÍÏیË ˜ÿ ÇÓ ÍÕÀ ˜Ç ÍæÇáÀ ÇÈä ÌÑیÑ ˜ی ØÈÑی ˜ی ˜ÊÇÈ ÇáæáÇیÉ Õ/ ۳۱۰ ¡ ÊÝÓیÑ ÇÈä ˜ËیÑ Ì/ ۲ Õ/ ۱۴ ¡ÊÝÓیÑ ÇáÏÑÇáãäËæÑ Ì/ ۲ Õ/ ۲۵۹ ¡ÇáÇÊÞÇä Ì/ ۱ Õ/ ۳۱ ¡ãÝÊÇÍ ÇáäÌÇÍ ÈÏÎÔی¡Õ/ ۲۲۰ ¡ãÇ äÒá ãä ÇáÞÑÂä Ýی Úáی ¡ÇÈæäÚیã ÇÕÝÀÇäی ÊÇÑیÎ ÎØیÈ ÈÛÏÇÏی Ì/ ۴ Õ/ ۲۹۰ ¡ãäÇÞÈ ÎæÇÑÒãی Õ/ ۸۰ ¡ÇáÎÕÇÆÕ ÇáÚáæیÀ ÇÈæ ÇáÝÊÍ äØäÒی Õ/ ۴۳ ¡ ÊИÑÀ ÓÈØ Èä ÌæÒی Õ/ ۱۸ ¡ÝÑÇÆÏ ÇáÓãØیä ÈÇÈ/ ۱۲ Óÿ ÏیÇ Àÿ ۔
[23] ÔیÎیä ˜ی ÊÀäیÊ ˜ÿ ÇÓäÇÏ ˜æ ÇáÛÏیÑ Ì/ ۱ Õ/ ۲۷۰ ¡ ۲۸۳ Ñ Ïی˜ªیŸ
[24] ÓæÑÀ ÍÌÑÇÊ ÂیÀ/ ۱۰
[25] ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜æ ÍÖÑÊ ãÍãÏ Èä ÇÈی È˜Ñ ¡ ÍÖÑÊ ÇÈæÐÑ æ ÇÈæÓÚیÏ ÎÏÑی æ ÏیÑ ÍÖÑÇÊ äÿ یÛãÈÑ Óÿ äÞá ˜یÇ Àÿ (ÇáÛÏیÑ ÌÈ ۳ )
[26] ÊÝÓیÑ ˜ÈیÑ Ì/ ۱ Õ/ ۲۰۵
[27] ÚáÇãÀ Çãیäی äÿ Çäی ˜ÊÇÈ ÇáÛÏیÑ ˜ی ÊیÓÑی ÌáÏ ãیŸ Çä ÇÓ ˜ی ÇÓ ÍÏیËæŸ ˜Ç Ð˜Ñ Çä ˜ÿ ÍæÇáæŸ ˜ÿ ÓÇʪ ˜یÇ Àÿ۔ [28] ãÓÊÏ Ñ˜ Íǘã Ì/ ۲ Õ / ۱۵۰ ãØÈÚ ÍیÏÑ ÂÈÇÏ¡ÇÓ ˜ÿ ÚáÇæÀ ÇÀá ÓäÊ ˜ی ˜ã Óÿ ˜ã ۳۰ ãÔÀæÑ ˜ÊÇÈæŸ ãیŸ ÇÓ ÍÏیË ˜æ äÞá ˜یÇیÇ Àÿ۔
Written Comiled & Contributed By.:- S H Bangash .
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